Blue Ocean Study

What is Blue Ocean Strategy? by Nattida Sae-Iw MBA Student What is Blue Ocean Strategy? Let’s start with the metaphors To understand the term of Blue Ocean, imagine a market universe composed of two sorts of oceans: Red Oceans and Blue Oceans. Red Oceans represent the existing market space which is known market. Companies in red oceans are competitive-base; they are fighting each other and aim to get a bigger market share from their competitors. The world now is globalized, the competitions are fiercer than ever, they are battling on the same demand thus this is bloody competition.That’s why it’s called red oceans. Blue Oceans are new, defined as unknown market space. In blue oceans, competition is irrelevant because the rules of the game are waiting to be set. Blue oceans are the opportunity for highly profitable growth. The space is new, no battle so it’s clear market, that’s why this is called Blue Ocean. Productivity ManagementCreativity Managem ent Companies are always successful in the red ocean. How many companies tend to follow the right side of the diagram? Most of companies are tending to follow the left side as that’s normal practice and easier.The right side is a risk taking and companies are trying to avoid it. The red ocean is always matter and is a fact of business life. However, with exceeding demand and more competitors, companies need to go beyond competing. To grow business opportunity, the companies need to create blue oceans. Unfortunately, blue oceans are uncharted and large. Without guideline and frameworks to create blue oceans is seen to be risky. Therefore, there are some methodologies to help on how to create them. According to the article, it can be summarized that the basic structure of creating blue oceans are as follows: Focus on Future, answer yourself with these questions whether you are ready to create blue oceans. Simple questions you need to challenge you are really blue color. How Blu e is your strategy: 1. Creating new demand instead of striving to do better than competitors 2. Looking for non-customers instead of getting a bigger share of customers 3. Challenging assumptions and reconstructing industry 4. Voluntary participating self- initiated teams 5. Executing strategies while conserving time and resources †¢ Strategies Canvas – Capture both current state and also demand side of alternatives 1.Do dimension on graph: value factors that are important, what your industry focuses on. Graph the company then graph for your own 2. Look at the frameworks 3. Try to answer 4 questions (New value curve) and review what does the industry curve look like? And what does your company’s curve look like? Then apply four actions frameworks to build a winning strategy. Reduce: Which factors should be reduced well below the industry’s standard? Eliminate: Which of the factors that the industry takes for granted should be eliminated? Raise: Which factor s should be raised well above the industry’s standard?Create: Which factors should be created that the industry has never offered? Blue Ocean is not about taking risk and also not avoiding risk. It’s maximizing opportunities and minimizing risks. Blue Ocean focuses on six different risks that are associated with formulations strategy. o Search risk – How you come up with the right idea? o Planning risk – Not just let strategic tools store in document shelf. Create a big picture and make it visualized. o Scale risk – To make sure you are going out to the ocean, not just a pool and try to reach beyond existing demand. Business model risk – Get the strategic sequence right o Organizational risk – Strategy must come together with good resources. o Management risk – Motivation which is associated with people’s attitudes and behaviors. 4. Execute – After lying out the tools and frameworks in the formulation and then mot ivating people to act on and execute a blue ocean strategy. In short, Blue Ocean is about changing in what current industries believe, and create new value to serve customers, that’s called â€Å"Value Innovation†.Focusing on non-customers and find out why they are non-customers then provide high value to them and change them from non-customers to be your customers (Create and capture new demand). Besides, the creation of Blue Ocean is about driving costs structure down while driving value up for buyers. This systematic process is all about Blue Ocean point of view. ———————– Managing cost Quality Control Assets Utilization Operational Efficiency Growth/ Innovation Creativity methods New Brand Development Global Reach

Robert Rauschenberg

Robert Reassurances relate to the unit theme of the ordinary and how does he use ordinary objects within his artworks to create works with depth, meaning and beauty? Innovative and experimental in approach, contemporary American artist Robert Reassurances (1925-2008) has long been considered the pioneer of the modern art world, spanning his late 20th to early 21 SST century artistic career to the blurring and challenging of boundaries and distinctions between the artist, the art world and the audience.By his combination exploration of multiple art forms Including painting, sculpture, photography, performance and screen-printing, much of Raucousness's practice exemplify the artist's long held aim of transitioning subject matter to ordinary and found materials, as means of questioning the alienation of everyday life in the approaches of the prominent artists and art styles of his time.Particularly in a period of abstract expressionism where personalization and highly emotionally charge d works fuelled belief In the artist's conceptualization being key to the appreciation of their respective works, It Is by Raucousness's deliberate confrontation of the disconnect of the artist's personal and circadian realities that enables his works to retain avian-garden in meaning and definition of artistic beauty, easing the audience's ability to interpret his works due to its universal theme of the ordinary.Reassurance's ability to manipulate and appropriate mundane and Images of popular culture beyond Its contextual limitations notably lies In his creation of the art form ‘combines', the hybrid of painting and sculpture that broke conventions of the artist's canvas. In challenge of the recognized doctrine of medium specificity (an element supported and endorsed by many art critics of his time), Robert Reassurances explicitly Juxtaposed both the AD and AD forms in such combines, providing the meta-narrative to his works through the now theoretically limitless plane.Exemp lified by one of his first combines, ‘Monogram' (1955-1959), the compilation of a stuffed goat breaking through a found car tyro upon a painting transcends into a manifestation of the artist himself, where despite the absurdity of the objects incorporated, their combination symbolism deciphers the works overall meaning and beauty. Where Raucousness's emerging sexuality (I. E. Bisexuality) became subject to criticism during the rand sass's, ‘Monogram' translates such themes by appropriation of the goat as a scapegoat, re-conceptualizing the goat to its religious and Christian counterpart.The tightly fitted tyro transcends into an illustration of society and its demands, drawing upon the imagery of the needle eye in reflection of Raucousness's inability to conform to the artistic demands of the mid 20th century art world, where the AD canvas base becomes appropriation of the ‘grazing land' Reassurances both symbolically destroys and feeds off ambitious style of abstr act expressionism, playing to his desire to â€Å"respect abstract expressionism enough not to copy it†, instead manipulating the vividness of the style's powerful strokes and mark-making to a thesis of violence integrated with the personal sphere as symbolizes by the bed.Using the methods of combines and its resulting concept of frames dimensions, Reassurance's ‘Bed' reverts the physical deed's customary purpose by being hung upon the wall as the canvas, confirming the object's re-conceptualization and subsequent transfer of meaning into the representation of intimacy and the personal world. By the practice of combines, Reassurances exposes a lost and neglected path of interaction between the artist, the art world and the audience, effectively proposing and confirming the exponential possibility of art and its purpose in the world as a result of the incorporation of the themes and identities associated with the ordinary.

Bad Survey Questions

EXAMPLES OF BAD QUESTIONS & SUGGESTIONS OF HOW TO FIX THEM! Double Barreled question: Please indicate how much you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about the childcare program. Incorrect: I feel welcomed by staff and other youth at the center Correction: I feel welcomed by staff at the center I feel welcomed by other youth at the center Biased/leading question Incorrect: Community organizing is hard. Do leadership trainings help you feel prepared for community organizing? Much more prepared Slightly more prepared Somewhat more prepared Not more preparedCorrect: The leadership trainings prepare me for community organizing. Strongly agree Double Negative Incorrect Does it seem possible or does it seem impossible to you that the Nazi extermination of the Jews never happened? (22%) Very possible Impossible Correct Do you doubt that the Holocaust actually happened or not? (9%) Very possible Impossible Possible Very impossible Possible Very impossible Agree Disagree Strongly disagree EVALUATING SURVEYS The following are additional examples of bad survey questions. As a group, apply our class discussion, evaluating each question and its response choices to identify one error in each question (ie. ouble barreled). Explain the problem that your group identifies in each question and propose an alternative that solves the problem. 1. More people have attended the movie, Gone with the Wind, than any other motion picture produced this century. Have you seen this movie? Yes No 2. In your opinion, how would you rate the speed and accuracy of your work? Excellent Good Fair Poor 3. Did you first hear about the bombing: ______ from a friend or relative ______ from your spouse ______ from a newspaper ______ at work ______ from the television or radio or other electronic media 4.How do you feel about the following statement? We should not reduce military spending. Strongly agree Agree Disagree Strongly disagree 5. People grow up in all different types of fam ilies. What type of family did you grow up in? ______Mom as single parent ______Dad as a single parent ______Both Mom and Dad 6. Where do you get most or all of your information about current events in the nation and the world? __radio __Newspapers __Magazines __internet 7. Higher than single-family density is acceptable in order to make housing affordable. Strongly Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree Agree Agree 1 2 3 4 5CORRECTING SURVEYS The following are some suggestions of how to fix the problems of the survey questions found on the prior page. 1. Problem: Biased/Leading Solution: Have you seen the movie Gone with the Wind? Yes No 2. Problem: Double Barreled Solution: In your opinion, how would you rate the speed of your work? Excellent Good Fair Poor In your opinion, how would you rate the accuracy of your work? Excellent Good Fair Poor 3. Problem: Categories are not Mutually exclusive Solution: Did you first hear about the bombing: ____ from a friend ____ from a relative ___ _ from a media source 4.Problem: Double Negative Solution: How do you feel about the following statement? We should reduce military spending. Strongly agree Agree Disagree Strongly Disagree 5. Problem: Categories are not Exhaustive Solution: People grow up in all types of families. What type of family did you grow up in? ____two biological parents ____one biological parent & a step parent ____ mom as a single parent ____ dad as a single parent ____ with a relative other than my biological parents ____ in foster care ____ with adoptive parent(s) 6.Problem: Double Barreled Solution: Which media source do you rely on most to get information about current events involving the nation? ___radio ___ Newspapers __Magazines ___ Internet Which media source do you rely on most to get information about current events involving the world? ___radio ___ Newspapers __Magazines ___ Internet 7. Problem: Ambiguous Solution: In order to make housing affordable, is it acceptable to build housing whose b uildings hold more than one family? Strongly agree Agree Undecided Disagree Strongly Disagree

Corporate strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Corporate strategy - Essay Example The HTC started its operation with the basic goal of developing small, handheld, computer-like devices. In order to achieve this goal, the company management decided to use the Windows CE as a basic platform. However, the HTC initially focused on the development of note books as a result of unavailability of skilled engineers to make handheld devices that time. Although the company succeeded to create the world’s first pocket-size PC with Microsoft a year later; high production costs, lack of brand recognition, and technical glitches put the firm’s main note book business into troubles. The ballooning loss figures persuaded the company to exit note book business and refocus on handheld devices. The HTC’s initial difficulties came to an end in 2000 when it manufactured a PDA, the iPAQ, for Compaq Computer. The Compaq commissioned HTC as an original design manufacturer with the purpose of engineering and designing the products for the company. In addition, the HTC also entered into ranges of other business segments such as mobile phone operator business. So as to accomplish its objective of international expansion, the HTC established a separate research and development team which can effectively design innovative models that would best fit with changing market trends. Recently, the newly appointed CEO, Peter Chou decided to brand and sell the products under company’s own name in order to overcome international growth limitations. Despite harsh comments from shareholders, HTC proceeded with its venture and the company faced stiff competition from the world’s biggest handset manufacturers. The company’s intention was to achieve a powerful global brand position as that of Nokia or Samsung Electronics. Although, the company could effectively confront with market challenges, the HTC brand still has a long way to go in order to accomplish its ultimate objectives. Question 2 From the case analysis, it seems that most of the iss ues that HTC faced emerged as a result of the strategic failure of the company management. Firstly, the company’s decision to brand and sell the products under its own name found to be a worse strategy since the HTC had not well established in the industry so that it struggled to defend the tough competition from global giants like Nokia and Samsung Electronics. The company’s different top executives possessed different views regarding market operations and it led to total disorder. For instance, Cher Wang, one of the founders of the firm gave more emphasis on market competition while the Chief Operating Officer Fred Liu and CMO John Wang focused on brand value building. The lack of conceptual coordination in the operation of the HTC management raised barriers to its rapid international expansion. Although, the company could perform well in Europe and Asia, its operations in US market were not satisfactory. The market surveys showed that the US had offered a potential market for mobile phone manufacturers. Therefore, the HTC could not adequately take advantages of the large and potential US market as a result of its poor brand promotion strategies. Increased cost of production was another potential issue that threatened the existence of HTC. An HTC sponsored survey reflected that 80% of the US consumers did not like to buy a phone that cost more than $200. However, HTC did not have the necessary scale to drive costs down and it gave opportunities to Nokia which had well excelled in the area. Moreover, it is observed that the company

Course work Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Course work - Coursework Example Josies firm practices ________ marketing. 24) Some fast-food restaurants offer tasty and convenient food at affordable prices, but in doing so they contribute to the national obesity epidemic and environmental problems. These fast-food restaurants overlook the ________ concept. 25) ________ marketing is socially and environmentally responsible marketing that meets the present needs of consumers and businesses while also preserving or enhancing the ability of future generations to meet their needs. 28) Nickson released a new range of watches that were titled after the famous mountaineer Adam Wills. These new watches were promoted through claims that the design is a favorite of Adam Wills who used a similar watch designed by Nickson for its high durability and quality on his expeditions. Such a measure to entice customers to buy ones products aims at creating ________. 30) Ryan attempts to deliver customer satisfaction every day in his installation business, Audio Expressions. The key to achieving this goal is to match the customer-perceived performance of his product with ________ Marketing is more of a social and managerial process through which either individuals or groups of people get what they want or need by producing and exchanging products and value with others; than just â€Å"telling and selling. It is a technique of combining products produced or services offered with value, satisfaction, quality, availability, price and needs, wants and demands from customers while pursuing the firm’s objectives (Kotler and Gray, 2009, p. 281). Consequently, marketing can be defined as management of markets in such a way that brings about exchanges whose aim is satisfying both customers’ needs and wants. Therefore, it is not just the act of telling and selling of products or services, but, a way of making people understand the product will give them solutions to their utility level, promoting as a way of creating

Information essay ---education related( preferred differences between

Information ---education related( preferred differences between chinese and western education - Essay Example In the modern times when a nation needs to concentrate on the Knowledge economy’, the role of education becomes more important to be addressed in the development of human capital. This is on the grounds that when a nation has a general public of educated citizens, it increases its chances of development at all the social and economic levels. Besides, the every capital pay of a nation altogether relies on the condition of economy which is straightforwardly relative to the education rate in a nation (Leung 42). Educated individuals have different chances and have the capacity to propel in different fields for openings for work, they are versatile and can work in anyplace inside the nation to earn a living and thus enhance their expectations for everyday comforts. Educated individuals have the capacity to enhance openings for work and adequately use the rare assets henceforth lessen neediness levels. For the vast benefits of education across the world, many nations have adopted different kinds of education systems. That is why there is a big difference between Chinese and Western systems of education; many scholars have been quoted to say that â€Å"Westerners are more assertive and creative, while Easterners are more conservative and reserved.† The underlying question is†¦what makes the difference? The difference comes as a result of dissimilar education systems; their approaches to teaching and learning are quite different .In China education is seen as the best approach to land the best position that has the most impact. Therefore, from the time kids can be placed in school, they are overwhelmed with homework, retention and the steady pressure to exceed expectations. Regarding education, conservative Chinese society weights students to study mindfully for required tests expected to move onto the following level of

Internal accounts and accouting systems-chic paints limited Assignment

Internal accounts and accouting systems-chic paints limited - Assignment Example The report has extensively included a wide number of research studies with the help of online journal articles, books and websites in order to review the accounting systems at CPL, especially its effectiveness and the internal control process. At the initial stage of the report, the discussion has encompassed an in-depth understanding of the role of accounting system of the organization and the importance of internal controlling process. The goal of assessing the current accounting system and the internal controlling process has been addressed by critically evaluating the accounting techniques as well as tools used by the organization. In addition, the discussion also included the existing ethical standards and practices associated with different accounting activities in CPL. In this context, the report has been incorporated for identifying a number of ethical standards along with actual possible breaches of professional ethics to determine the effectiveness of the ethical principles and practices in CPL. Correspondingly, the research report has also reviewed the existing cultural environment at CPL in terms of maintaining ethical standards in the accounting processes. In this regard, the discussion has incorporated a critical evaluation through analyzing the effectiveness of ethical standards in CPL in its various accounting practices. In order to determine the weaknesses in accounting practices, the report has also provided a set of effective recommendations to improve the existing issues associated with accounting functions.

The events industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The events industry - Essay Example For instance, in the current world, the amount for raising and sponsoring events is quite higher compared to the way it was several decades ago. As such, it is important to note that the event industry has been undergoing a dramatic change relevant to several issues touching on demands and interests of the organizers and the intended participants. For instance, in the past days, the costs for conducting such events involving local sports were relatively low (Smith, 2009, 53). This involved people coming, watching games and moving back to their residences. However, currently the costs of such local events have increased tremendously. The local events nowadays employ the use of public address systems as well as media involvements. These contribute towards raising the costs of such events. Events may always originate from different sources involving festivals, public events as well as cultures and traditions (Fenich, 2012, 36). However, it is important to note that events differ in their characteristics. Some events are labor intensive whereas others are perishable. Fixed time scales, uniqueness as well as personal interactions always characterize events. However, it is important to acknowledge the fact that the event industry has been critical in ensuring economic development and growth, societal development as well as conservation of cultures (Baum, 2009, 51). There are several categories and typologies of events. Events can be categorized into six main categories. These include the individual events, group events, organizational as well as multi-organizational events. In addition, other categories may include national events as well as international events. Several typologies of events exist relevant to the different categories. Individual events may comprise of weddings, birthday parties as well as private dinners (Goldblatt, 2011, 53). Group events may involve festivals as well as local

Response to McCloskey's Article On Being an Atheist Essay

Response to McCloskey's Article On Being an Atheist - Essay Example In this paper, a response is given to McCloskey by basin g the arguments to what has been covered in the philosophy of religion unit.   McCloskey, in his article â€Å"On being an Atheist† presents a very strong counter argument against theist arguments about existence of a supreme perfect being referred to as God. According to him, theists hold on to arguments about existence of God as the fundamental proofs of his existence. The arguments do not certainly infer to proof of God’s existence nor do they provide a proof of why we exist. He actually claims that theists are sucked into the realms of religion not because of the basic proofs that exist but due to mere arguments. According to McCloskey’s line of argument, it is possible to argue that God certainly does not exist. The world is so imperfect to be the engineering work of a perfect being. In fact, we can only conclude that God, if he ever exists, is an evil God since there is more pain and suffering in th e world than joy and happiness. Where is God when all the evil happens? Where was he not to control Hitler? Arguably, God may not exist if we take this line of thought. I have always observed the unjustified pain and suffering that happen to the per se â€Å"wrong people.† Young babies who are flawless in the eyes of Supreme Being â€Å"God† should certainly not suffer at least because they are innocent. Why can’t God bring us closer to him by good deeds and not through pain and suffering as claimed by theists? Things would seem more rational. On the other hand, existence would cease to make any meaning if God did not exist. What if God made the universe the way it is with an ultimate purpose? To me it seems more logical than to claim his nonexistence McCloskey presents a very strong yet questionable argument about cosmology. According to him, it is possible to have a cause without cause. He infers that it is possible to have the world, as we know it without a c ausative agent. The mere existence of the universe is not a justified reason enough to posit that there exists a cause behind creation. I quite agree with his argument since the existence of the universe is not a foolproof evidence of existence of a supreme being. However, I tend to agree more with the theists, not because there is foolproof evidence but because both atheists like McCloskey and the scientific giants have not yet provided exact proof of cause. I would rather live believing that there was God and die to find there was none, than to live as if he never existed and died to find that he actually existed. According to Evans line of thought about â€Å"cause for cause,† existence of the universe would be both irrational and absurd if there were no cause for the entire perfectly tuned universe as it represents itself to humankind. Craig also shares the same arguments on his article â€Å"The Absurdity of Life without God† (Craig, 2008). All religious beliefs e xperience an appreciable form of connection with a supreme being. Surprisingly, virtually all religious ideologies about supremacy of the creator share the same basics. Christians experience faith, miracles, healing, pain, and suffering among other connective experiences with God. McCloskey may have a point in his argument but his argument is somewhat one sided. I might ask McCloskey one simple yet fundamental question what determines the discourse on the universe? Is it a collective contribution of every human

Difference between men and women in the workplace Essay

Difference between men and women in the workplace - Essay Example (Wirth, N.D.). It is thus increasingly found that a handful of women tend to occupy the managerial positions on a global scale in comparison to men. In this context the paper makes an inference into the causes, which has led to the emergence of gender disparity in the managerial positions. One of the key reasons behind the under representation of women at managerial positions of big corporations is the age factor. It is often seen that the women employees competing for managerial positions tend to be quite young which act as an obstacle in letting them occupy senior positions. The male managers quite old and experienced are found to have a steady access to such positions. It is seen in a global context that women tend to occupy a mere 20 percent of the total global workforce. It is also found that the gender gap widens proportionately to the increase in job responsibility. (Wirth, N.D.). In recent times the society has developed itself from the past in letting women gain access to better education and in revision of social customs like early marriages promoting development of the women race. This in turn has made women capable of applying to managerial positions. Yet, women who become married find it much harder to reach the managerial pinnacle in spite of having the required capabilities. The reason behind such a pitfall is their need to address both the family and their career simultaneously. Need to rear their children coupled with other family needs act as an obstacle in the path of progress. (Wirth, N.D.). In other cases, the organizations are constituted in a manner as to provide a male image to the senior positions of the company. To fulfill the above criteria the interview board takes conscious decisions to impart a picture of gender bias while selecting personnel for the senior post. (Broughton & Miller, March, 2009).

Rachel's Utilitarianism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rachel's Utilitarianism - Essay Example As Rachel points out, the Utilitarian view inherently judges whether an action of morally good or bad by its consequences, and then, assesses these consequences solely by the amount of utility or happiness derived (Rachels 102). When accounting for happiness, no individual or entity is given precedence over the other. The â€Å"Rule Utilitarianism† theory states that the acts of individuals will be judged as morally right or wrong with reference to the rules that are developed keeping in mind the principle (Rachels 102). Therefore, the principle is used to select a set of rules which then determine whether an action is right or wrong under a given situation. This theory has been criticized as attaching more significance to â€Å"rules† than they deserve. As opposed to this, â€Å"Act Utilitarianism† states that the principle is directly used to determine whether an action is right or wrong under a given situation without first applying that principle to select a set of rules (Rachels 104). Hence, this approach is referred to as â€Å"direct† utilitarianism, whereas the former is referred to as â€Å"indirect† utilitarianism. ... The utilitarian theory (whether â€Å"rule† or â€Å"act†) has various shortcomings and has been criticized for various assumptions in recent years. The Utilitarians imply an ‘economically rational’ justification for actions, an assumption which does not correctly capture the human values and does not go beyond the traditional cost-benefit analysis. Thus, according to Utilitarians, individuals could be deprived of their right to liberty simply because the net benefit isn’t maximized. This theory simplistically assumes that all the consequences of an action (including the utility or happiness derived from it) can be measured (Rachels 102). This is not always the case. For instance, how could one assign a value to one’s life? Secondly, it deals insufficiently with rights, morals and justice (Rachels 108). As outlined in the following sections, the Utilitarian view has been heavily blamed as being the rationale behind Ford’s managers to go ahead with the faulty design of one of its cars â€Å"Pinto†, thereby ignoring the principles of justice (that deals with distribution of benefits and burdens) and rights (that deals with right to freedom and well being). The question, in this context, arises whether people should have had freedom to know what they are buying at the time they are purchasing. This case shall now be explored in depth in the light of the utilitarian argument. The case can be traced back to 1978 when several Pinto cars caught fire in accidents or collisions (Trevino and Nelson 64).The number of such incidents started becoming rampant, such that notice was taken of these incidents and a case was filed whereby the causes were investigated. Ford’s president, Lee Lacocca decided to recover the market share by designing a

The Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 Essay Example for Free

The Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 Essay The law officially named, â€Å"The Public Company Accounting Reform and Investor Protection Act†, was passed into law in 2002 in wake of the numerous corporate scandals that rocked our financial markets. One in particular was the Enron scandal, which before its collapse; Enron was thought of as one of the best companies in the United States. However, it failed to follow Generally Accepted Accounting Practices (GAAP) from as far back as 1997 through 2001. When the company suddenly collapsed in the latter part of 2001, it lost tens of billions of dollars of its shareholders money (Jickling 2003). The controls which were supposedly in place, neither internal nor external, did not uncover the financial masquerade. Because of the many corporate and accounting scandals to astonish the U. S. marketplace and its investor, shareholders organized and protested for tougher laws that required a greater degree of corporate accountability. The act is commonly referred to as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), named after Senator Paul Sarbanes and Representative Michael Oxley, who were its main sponsors. SOX is intended to raise the bar for integrity and competence for publicly traded companies and also to promote a greater degree of accountability within these companies. The act changed corporate governance, including the responsibilities of directors and officers, the regulation of accounting firms that audit public companies, corporate reporting and enforcement. It is organized into eleven categories, called â€Å"titles†. The first being the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PACOB), second, Auditors Independence, then, Corporate Responsibility, Enhanced Financial Disclosures, Analyst Conflicts of Interest, Commission Resources and Accountability, Supporting Studies and Reports, Corporate and Criminal Fraud Accountability Document preservation (Whistle-Blower Protection), White-Collar crime penalty, Corporate Tax Returns and Corporate Fraud Accountability. Title I of the Act establishes the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). It is an independent, non-governmental board that oversees the audits of publicly traded companies. The purpose was designed to protect the interest of the investors and to promote public confidence and transparency in the independent audit process. The powers of the PCAOB are to register public accounting firms that prepare audit reports for issuers; establish auditing, quality control, ethics, independence and other standards relating to the preparation of audit reports; and conduct inspections, investigations and disciplinary proceedings of, and take enforcement action against, public accounting firms (Clearly 2003). Titles II of the act have nine sections. It sets the standard in which the auditors must remain independent to limit their conflicts of interest. Under these sections the auditors have stricter requirements of reporting, they must rotate jobs and they are not allowed to perform other services to the same company they are auditing. Also, as stated in Title I the auditing company must be registered with the PCAOB to perform acceptable audits. Title III of this act speaks to the individual responsibility of the corporate leaders. Management must certify that the financial statements do not contain any material omissions or untrue statements and those they represent fairly the financial condition of the company. And that all of the internal controls are and have been operating effectively prior to the issuance of the reports. Title IV relates most closely with the accountants and the auditing process. It details the new requirements of the financial reporting process and the certification of the effectiveness of the companys internal control process. Section 404 which requires management to assess the internal control procedures and to sign off on its effectiveness and that the procedures are being followed. Section 404 highlights the critical importance of controls related to the financial reporting function of management information systems by requiring a regular assessment of the quality of the financial reporting, because management uses this to manage operations, monitor performance, create forecast and report results to stakeholders (Peters 2012). Title V, VI and VII are designed to help build the publics confidence in the markets by promoting transparency and by providing criminal sanctions and monetary penalties to perpetrators. Title VII can be considered a reflection piece, as it looks to examine different factors and how they affect the markets. The SOX act in Title VIII obligates companies to provide a documented whistle-blower protection policy. It is a means to collect, retain and resolve claims regarding accounting, internal accounting controls and auditing matters. This system must allow for such concerns to be submitted anonymously. SOX provides protection to whistle-blowers and severe penalties to those who retaliate against them. Under this provision violators who destroy, alter, or falsify documents or retaliate against employees who report such going-on are subject to lengthy prison terms. Title IX, X and XI outline the increase penalties for white-collar crimes, such as mail and wire fraud; the requirement that the CEO is responsible for the accuracy and certifying the corporations tax return and other financial reports. The last section institutes guidelines for failure to comply as a criminal offense and gives the SEC the right to freeze monetary transactions if they suspect fraud. Before SOX, the financial world was basically governed by the Securities Laws of 1933 and the establishment of the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) in 1934. Corporations were only required to report the financial reports periodically to the public and the SEC. It was the publics responsibility to review the records and form an educated decision on the well-being of the company. The act also prohibited certain conduct such as insider trading and market manipulation. The exchanges, brokers, transfer agents were responsible for reporting any material changes in the holding of the companies to the SEC. However after the numerous financial scandals such as Enron, WorldCom, Adelphia to mention a few, in which the information presented to public, was fraudulent. They statements were misrepresented by millions and millions of dollars it was felt by the general public, investors and the federal government that there had to be stricter regulations to govern against such corporate behavior. SOX calls for greater accountability from everyone in charge. It implements rules and requirements from the top-down on accountability. CEO, CFO, directors must sign off on the reliability of the reports; auditors must maintain their independence and are prohibited from performing other services to the company they are auditing; managers and employees are responsible for the internal controls in their departments. And all these actions are punishable if not followed, as addressed in Title XI. Title XI provides authoritative powers for companies, its leaders, employees and/or auditors to be sued, sanctioned or criminally prosecuted if they are involved in any fraudulent behavior. It also provides the SEC the ability to seize funds and/or impose significant financial penalties for breaking the law. The most significant impact that SOX has had on the accounting world besides the increased criminal prosecution, is Section 404, which outlines the managements assessment of internal controls over financial reporting and the disclosure of such information. Internal control over financial reporting, is defined by Guy Lander, as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the companys principal executive and principal financial officers and implemented by the companys board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance for the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The independent auditor must also attest to and report on the managements assessment of the effectiveness of the companys internal control over financial reporting. Each fiscal year, companies must select audit committees to perform the assessment of internal controls. In section 404, the auditing requirements have changed drastically. Integrated within the law is now a Code of Ethics which was not there prior to the SOX act. Everyone is now accountable and required by law to do the right thing. With the implementation of SOX, the spirit of the law is being enforced. God calls us to a higher standard. We are to perform our job to best of our ability and we should maintain our integrity. No law is higher than the laws given to us by God. Management is now required to know more about the system of internal control so that he/she can make an accurate account of its effectiveness. Management must also include a written document in their end of the year managers report to attest to the effectiveness of their internal control. CEO and CFO are required to certify that the financial reports are accurate and they must discuss with the audit committee any significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control in the financial reporting process. The audit committee is required to attest to the integrity of the companys financial statements; the companys compliance with legal and regulatory requirements; the qualifications and independence of the independent auditor and the performance of the companys internal audit function and independent auditor (Cleary 2003). The independent auditor has an increased responsibility to verify the financial information of the company. The audit firm must attest to the reliability of managements statement on the effectiveness of their internal control procedures and processes. The SOX act requires increased communication between the auditor and the companys audit committee. They must communication at least quarterly to discuss management, accounting and/or auditing adjustments, any difficulties or disagreements encountered, or any auditors concerns over the quality of the companys accounting practices or principles (Cleary 2003). The cost of implementing the required changes associated with SOX, Section 404, Internal Controls has had a significant effect on most small business. Auditing firms increased their fees by an average of 40% to recoup fees associated with the loss of business because of the new guidelines requiring independence. The SOX guidelines limit services allowed by auditing firms to perform for companies they are auditing. Internal costs associated with compliance jumped 62% for companies. In 2007, the SEC formed a committee to determine the impact on smaller businesses. Their guidelines were business with revenue under $100 million. The impact of compliance with section 404 internal controls were 3. 5 cents for every dollar earned (Michelson 2008). According to a SOX research study by Lord ;amp; Benoit, the average costs of complying with section 404(a) management assessment for all non-accelerated filers included in the study were $53,724(ranging from as low as $15,000 to as high as $162,000. The range of audit fee increases was from as low as $7,500 to as high as $86,000). Krishnan 2008). Armed with this information the SEC decided to admen its reporting and disclosure requirements for small businesses. In February 2008, the SEC adopted the amendments and issued the Smaller Reporting Company Regulatory Relief and Simplification to provide assistance for smaller firms (Michelson 2008). Smaller companies have received multiple extensions to become fully compliant. It was stated that more than half of all small companies say SOX has made it more diff icult to do business. They have had to make cutbacks in other areas, such as marketing, research and personnel to offset the increase in costs. Also, two-thirds of the small businesses favor a different set of guidelines for smaller companies (Swartz, 2006). Another significant impact on small businesses is the increased turnover of its board members. The new guidelines that require increased independence and conflicts of interest make it more difficult for smaller companies who have higher managerial ownership. Executive directors of companies are less likely to appointed to boards. KPMGs Audit committee took a survey and found that directors were concerned with two very important issues, the first being accountability reform and their legal exposure and the second being how management is responding to Section 404 of SOX(KPMG 2004). The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is hailed as the most dramatic change and far-reaching act in the financial market place since the SEC was formed. The SOX act is here to stay and it is long overdue. There have been lists of companies and their improprieties for decades and decades that cheated others out if their fair shares. People who in charge of a companys finances and they succumbed to the temptations of greed. As humans we are fallen creatures, we need stipulations in place to keep us in check. We need laws to govern our actions. The SOX act represents a change in corporate accountability and corporate governing. Although it is still changing and adapting to the environment it has had a significant impact on the way people act. It takes into account the Spirit of the Law and not just the letter of the Law. Corporate leaders are being held to a higher standard, which is a step in the right direction. References Bedard, J. G. (2011). Detection and SEverity Classifications of Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 Internal Control Deficienies. The Accounting Review , 825-855. Green, E. S. (2003). The Sarbanes-Oxley Act. New York: Aspen Publishers. Jickling, M. (2003). The Enron Collapse. CRS Report for Congress . Krishnan, J. R. (2008). Cost to comply with SOX Section 404. Auditing: Journal of Practice and Theory , 169-186. KPMG Audit Committee Institute (2004), Oversight of Auditors, Audit Committee Roundtable Highlights, Spring, KPMG Audit Committee Institute, Kansas City, p. 2. Lander, G. (2004). What is Sarbanes-Oxley? New York: McGraw-Hill. Michelson, S. S. (2009). The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002: What impact has it on small business firms. Managerial Auditing Journal , 743-766. Peters, G. F. (2012). The Consequences of Information Technology Control Weaknesses on Management Information Systems. MIS Quarterly , 179-203. Spending on SOX. (2008). Journal of Accountancy , 90-93. Swartz, N. (2 008). SOX costs socks small firms. Information Management Journal , 14.

Examining the strategic location of South Face Mine

Examining the strategic location of South Face Mine The strategic location of the South Face Mine, owned by Mountain Mining Canada Ltd (MMCL), catches the attention of Can-Do to make an offer for purchasing the mine. If our company successfully acquires it, the combination of better surface logistics and optimal location of new drift mines could provide an annual cost saving of up to $1.5 million for 20 years. However, MMCL has closed the mine and currently been spending on closure and reclamation of it; undoubtedly MMCL would like to transfer those costs to us. The purpose of this memorandum is to determine the walk-away point, which is the highest amount Can-Do would agree to offer in the negotiation with MMCL, with the use of data from the management budget provided by MMCL, the discounted cash flow model and sensitivity tests on various assumptions. Given the data in the MMCL management budget with removal of costs which are not transferred to Can-Do or can be internalized  [1]  , and assuming a 6% interest rate for discounting, the 15% contingency allowance used in MMCL implies an inflation rate of 2.55%. Having studied various assumptions, the sensitivity tests indicate the variance of short-term duration is the most important risk underlying as a 1-year extension of short-term costs reduces the value of acquisition by $6.6 million from $15.5 million to $8.9 million (58% of original value). A 2-year extension further reduces the value by 6.4 million to $2.5 million (16% of original value).  [2]   The recommended walk-away point would be $14 million, a value lower than the net values of acquisition calculated in most sensitivity tests excluding those with respect to short-term duration and estimated cost saving. It also means that an efficient cost control should be performed to avoid an extension of short-term cost and a failure to realize the estimated cost saving. It is also worth noting that there are large discrepancies of cost items between the 2006 and 2005 budgets. A detailed review on financial data is suggested so as to find out any hidden problems or risks. Introduction The purchase of the South Face Mine, currently owned by Mountain Mining Canada Limited (MMCL), can provide Can-Do a very large reduction in operating cost of North Fork Mine, located adjacent to South Face Mine, by an estimated amount up to $1.5 million annually for the next 20 years, attributed to the optimal location of new drift mines and the improved logistics. However, it is expected that MMCL would require us to bear the closure and reclamation costs. Therefore, the net value of the acquisition is the value of cost saving net of the value of those additional costs. By considering the data provided and computing the net value of acquisition, it comes up with the walk-away point, which is critical and crucial to our negotiation with MMCL. The remaining parts of this memorandum explain the determination of the walk-away point. In particular, the purpose of this study is to: Review the financial data provided Do sensitivity tests for assumptions with respect to the closure and reclamation costs Set a reasonable walk-away point Identify other possible risks for the determination of the walk-away point There are different types of costs, including short-term costs which will be incurred within five years and long-term costs which will be incurred during the whole reclamation period. There are also salvage values of equipments remaining on site (i.e. Inventory Disposition), and they will accrue to Can-Do. Moreover, MMCL has included a 15% contingency allowance in its calculation. From the table above, it is clearly observed that large discrepancies exist for most cost items between 2006 and 2005 budget, and this indicates a deficiency of the contingency allowance in 2005 to cover the adverse development of costs estimated from 2005 to 2006. It concerns us about the accuracy and reliability of the predictions. It is suggested a detailed review of financial data as well as other information related to the situation of the mine be conducted in order to discover any potential problems which may put our company at risk. Data Adjustment The data provided is subject to adjustments so as to calculate a more reasonable walk-away point. They include: Removing costs not to be transferred from MMCL to Can-Do (e.g. severance costs) Removing costs which could be realized from internalizing them in Can-Do (e.g. inspection costs) Analysis: Methods Assumptions Contingency Allowance Inflation Rate MMCL has included a 15% contingency allowance in its budget while has not considered the time value of cost items. Assuming the allowance is totally for the inflation, the implied inflation rate that is equivalent to the 15% contingency allowance is found to be 2.55% (using the Excel function à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"goal seekà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ), after the data adjustment aforementioned. Sensitivity Tests, Risks Walk-away Point To investigate the risks underlying, sensitivity tests have been performed to examine the uncertainties associated with the assumptions of cash flow projections (all with 0% contingency allowance). Table 3: Sensitivity Tests The table consists of the net value of the acquisition under different combinations of short-term duration, long-term duration, inflation rate and discount rate (Scenario Base and #1-10). From the table, it shows that under most scenarios the value of acquisition is around $14-15 million. Therefore, it would be appropriate and conservative to set $14 million as the walk-away point. In addition, an extra sensitivity test on estimated cost saving are conducted (Scenario #11-12). When compared to Scenario #4, it demonstrates that a 10% decrease in cost saving causes the value of acquisition below $14 million. It implies a strong control is needed to monitor that the realized cost saving is close to the estimated one. As shown in the tables, the short-term duration should be the key risk factor as an increase in it leads to a tremendous decrease in value (by comparing Scenario Base to Scenario #1-2 or Scenario #4 to Scenario #5-6). Can-Do should therefore pay much attention to the extension of short-term cost projections. Conclusions and Recommendations Based upon the modified cost budget and assuming a 6% discount rate, a 15% contingency allowance implies an inflation rate of 2.55%. Also, after a study of various assumptions by sensitivity tests, a walk-away point of $14 million will be sufficient for the acquisition of South Face Mine. However, a few issues have to be highlighted: The large variances between the 2006 and 2005 budget raise concerns of the validity and reliability of the estimated values in the budget. The implied inflation rate of 2.55% is less than the lower bound of inflation rate projected by our economists. The net value of acquisition is very responsive to the duration of short-term costs according to the results of sensitivity tests. The determination of walk-away point is based on the assumption that $1.5 million can be saved annually over 20 years. A slight decrease in it can be enough to cause an overall loss for the acquisition provided that the final purchase price of South Face Mine is close to the walk-away point. For some costs including water treatment operation/maintenance costs and salaries of accountant/environmental person, they may be internalized to a certain extent; yet they are not removed for the determination of walk-away point due to their specialty. This also provides a relatively conservative walk-away point implicitly. It is recommended that a detailed investigation should be carried out to verify the estimated costs in the budget as well as to locate any other problems. It is also proposed that an efficient cost control should be established in order to keep the cost be aligned with the prediction if Can-Do successfully purchases the South Face Mine from MMCL

Solvent Extraction of Eu(III) from Nitrate Media

Solvent Extraction of Eu(III) from Nitrate Media Non fluorinated ionic liquid was used as a solvent of by bis (2-ethylhexyl)diglycolamic acid (DEHDGA) to investigate the extraction of Europium (III) various parameters: extractant concentration, pH, concentration of the salting-out agent and concentration of the europium(III) ion in the aqueous feed. The efficiency of extraction was enhanced by increasing the pH of the feed solution (aqueous) upto its maxium range pH 5, that subsequently decrease at high pH values [1]. Room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4mim+][PF6−]) was applied for the extraction of Eu3+ Th4+ from nitrate medium using tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) as an extractant the results were compared with extraction method of dichloro methane. Both methods involved solavation mechanism by forming [Eu(TOPO)33+](NO3−)3species. Another outcome was elucidated that the method also involve cation exchange mechanism by formation of [Th(TOPO)34+](NO3−)4 in dichloro methane, while Th4+ and Eu3+ not effected by presence of TOPO in ionic liquid method. So it can be concluded that formation of [Th(TOPO)4+](NO3−)(PF6−)3 invloves that mixed ion exchange –solvation mechanism for the extraction of Th4+ ion [2]. various substituted diglycol amide (DGA) solvent extractants: N,N,N†²N†²-tetra(2-ethylhexyl) diglycolamide (T2EHDGA); N,N,N†²N†²-tetra-n-octyl diglycolamide (TODGA); N,N,N†²N†²-tetra-n-hexyl diglycolamide (THDGA); N,N,N†²N†²-tetra-n-decyl diglycolamide (TDDGA) and N,N,N†²N†²-tetra-n-pentyl diglycolamide (TPDGA) for the investigation Eu3+ ion transport property in nitric acid solvent extraction and supported liquid membrance (SLM) methodology. Slope analysis method was utilized to determind the nature of extracted species. By using DGAs various parameters like effect of phase modifier assay on extraction of Eu 3+ ion and effect of feed acidity were investigated [3]. Alok Rout et al prepared the ionic liquids, tri-n-octylmethylammonium bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate ([A336]+[DEHP]−) and tri-n-octylmethylammonium bis(2-ethylhexyl)diglycolamate ([A336]+[DGA]−) and characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy. The extraction behavior of europium (III) in the solution of these ionic liquids present in different molecular diluents was investigated using in variation of different parameters like pH, nature of diluent, concentration of ionic liquid. The data obtained were compared with those obtained in a solution composed of the precursors of ionic liquid. The extraction of europium (III) in [A336]+[DEHP]−and [A336]+[DGA]−ionic liquids showed a strong dependence on the nature of molecular diluent used. The distribution ratio of Eu(III) increased with increase of pH; at pH>2, the distribution ratios obtained in ionic liquids were much higher than their precursors. The effect of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) on the extraction of Am(III) and Eu(III) at a fixed pH was studied to separate europium (III) from americium (III). Superior extraction of the target metals and excellent separation factors achieved with the use of these ionic liquids in conventional diluents indicates the feasibility of separating lanthanides from actinides [4]. W. Wang et al. was studied the extraction of europium by using an anionic surfactant. The influence of concentration of anionic surfactant, extraction temperature, pH, concentration of co-surfactant, salting out agent and aqueous- microemulsion ratio on extraction yield were studied by using sodium oleate (NaOL)/pentanol/heptanes/NaCl system. The extraction yield (E%) was found above 99%, when the R=8, Probably Europium was extracted in form of Eu(OL)2Cl into the microemulsion phase. The back-extraction was performed by using hydrochloric acid (0.8mol/L), back extraction resulted the yields 95.15% [5]. Extraction equilibrium constants were investigated by using nonlinear least squares method and a chemically based model was also developed. In the suggested model the salvation extraction and cation exchange reaction occurs in high and low acidity regions respectively. The non-ideality of aqueous phase and (HR)2 were adjusted and corrected by complexation of metal with chloride ion and (HR)2 replacing by using efficient concentration. The model verified by finding the close results of calculated metal distribution ratios and experimental results. E. Makrlà ­k et al has been investigated the micro-quantity of europium and americium by using nitrobenzene solution of hydrogen dicarbollylcobaltate (H+B) in presence of 1,2-(diphenylphosphino)ethylene dioxide (DPPEDO, L). The values of stability constant of both complexes are comparable in water saturated nitrobenzene. Stability of the complexes HL+org and HL+2;org in nitrobenzene saturated with water increases in the series of DBDECMP DPPEDO DPBCMPO‘‘classical’’ CMPO, whereas the stability of the EuL3+n;org and AmL3+n;org (n = 2, 3, 4) complexes in the mentioned medium increases in the DBDECMPDPPEDODPBCMPO‘‘classical’’ CMPO order [7]. The extraction of Eu(III) was investigated by Awwadet al, from nitrate medium by CYANEX921 (C921). It was found that the chemical formula of the main extracted species in the organic phase is Eu(NO3)(3).3[C921] for extraction by C921. It was found that the Eu(III) percent extracted from toluene, n-hexane, cyclohexane and kerosene was nearly similar but with faster phase separation in favor of toluene. The relation between the shaking time and the percent of extracted C921 (%E) was studied at different pH. It was found that the best shaking time is 20 min at pH between 0.5-1.0, whereas at pH 2.0 the best shaking time is 15 min. The maximum extraction of Eu(III) was found to be after 5 min at pH 3.0. The extraction of Eu(III) increase with increasing of pH, however, the extraction precent increase from 28.5% at pH 0.5 to 98% at pH 3.0 The calculated average for the extraction constant is 6.58 at pH 3.0 under various C921 concentrations. From the data obtained, it was found that arsenaz oIII (AIII) is a good stripper for Eu from organic phase which reach to 65% at pH 2. The stripping of Eu decreased from 57% to 2% when rising the pH in range of 0.5 to 11 (10). Ohashi et al investigated the extraction of lanthanoids(III) (Ln(III) =, Eu(III) , La(III) and Lu(III) by using techniques cloud point extraction in presence and absence of di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid with triton X-100 and suggested that the extraction of Ln(III) into the surfactant-rich phase in absence of chelating agent was occurred due impurities existence in Triton X-100. The extraction yield was obtained more than 91% for all Ln(III) metals by using 3.0 x 10(-5) mol dm(-3) HDEHP and 2.0% (v/v) Triton X-100 (11). Solvent extraction of Eu(III) from nitrate media with 4-acyl-isoxazol-5-ones and 2-acyl-5-diluents has been studied by Jaoval Arichi. Due to competitive complication of Eu3+ by NO3 in the aqueous phase, the extraction from nitrate medium is less effective than from per chlorate medium [12] Synergic extraction of Eu (III), Tb (III), with 2-thenoyltrifluoroactone and tribenzyl amine as neutral donor from chloroform from per chlorate media at lower pH was reportedly M. M. Saeed et al. The effect of temperature on extraction has also been studied [13] F.A. Shehata investigated the synergic extraction of trivalent Eu, Gd and Am from aqueous per chlorate medium using mixtures of thenoyl trifluoroacetone (HTTA) and 15-Crown-5 or 18-Crown-6 in chloroform at (25  ± I) (slope analysis of the M (TTA)3. (CE)2 for extracted species. The stability order took the sequence Eu(TTA)3. (CE)2>GA(TTA)3. (CE)2 with 18C6 [14]. A. Ali suggested the synergic extraction of, Eu (III), Ce (III) and Tm (III) w ith a mixture of tributyl phosphine oxide Picrolonic acid in chloroform. Picrolonic acid acted as a chelating agent and tributyl phosphine as a metal legend in chloroform. Among the anions fluoride, oxalate citrate and cyanide ions masked the extraction, whereas Fe (II), Cu (II) and No(II) reduce the extraction [15]. Extraction of Eu (III) and Tm (III) with picrolonic acid in MIBK was investigated by A. Ali. The buffer solution of pH was used. The composition of organic addict responsible for extraction of these material ions have been calculated by slope analysis method. Among the anions, citrate, fluoride, oxalate and cyanide ions masked the extraction, when the, Cu(II), Ni(II), Fe(III) and Co(II) minimized the extraction. D.F. Peppard compared the liquid liquid extraction behaviour of Eu(II) and Eu(III) [16].

Plato :: essays research papers

Since the human beings came together and began to live communities, necessities to be administrated became the most important subject for human kind. There were said many things on this issue; there have been put many claims and interpretations on well, just and equal administration by many philosophers. They searched for the best administration that will guide people equally, just and well; that will provide sustainability, peace and prosperity between communities. In fact there are many forms of government that operating in the world. These regimes/forms of government are born from the characters of people who live in them and who are governed by them. It is necessary to mention something about Plato’s general theory in order to understand him very well. First of all Plato’s Republic is about a method of doing political philosophy. It is a systematic sustained treatence of issues, issues of just society, issues about state, issues about individual. These are all public things. He wanted to find an ultimate meaning of all these things; why they exist, how they should exist. He wanted to find absolute answer for these. So in this sense Plato’s Republic reaches old and known conclusion of major interests in their own right. His Republic provides epistemological and metaphysical combination for his political theory. According to Plato, a political society constitutes a natural whole that is own kind of excellent and well being. It means that society creates an aggregation individual, something more than that, and it has a natural existence. Individual and society can be defined as a unity and according to Plato a society and an individual are so similar that each has a proper and set of virtues. So for Plato, the character, opinion like attitudes of an individual are the product of society, and the individual has no existence without society. They imitate the society, if a society is right/just, the individual is right/just. Individuals drive their ability from society and they are trained in that way. According to Plato, the understanding of justice is about societal needs, which are common to all members of society. So society can satisfy members’ needs efficiently by dividing their labours. So people are born with their skills and virtues according to Plato. They would know these skill s and virtues when they grow up. If they are not fit for forming they should not do that. This is why importance/role of education come to discover each person’s skills.

Anne Conway’s Critique of Cartesian Dualism :: Dualism Essays

Anne Conway’s Critique of Cartesian Dualism ABSTRACT: I describe and analyze Anne Conway’s critique of Cartesian dualism. After a brief biographical introduction to Conway, I sketch some of the influences on her philosophy. I then describe her non-Cartesian view of substance. According to Conway, there is only one substance in created reality. This substance contains both matter and spirit. A purely material or spiritual substance is, she argues, an impossibility. Next, I discuss several of Conway’s arguments against Cartesian dualism. Firstly, dualism is inconsistent because dualists, while denying that concepts such as divisibility and extension are applicable to spiritual substance, nevertheless use such terms when describing the soul or spirit. They assume that soul or spirit is something particular which can be located somewhere. Secondly, she argues that dualism results in mechanism because it makes too sharp a distinction between body and soul, thus regarding the body as a mechanical machine and the soul a s something which is not integrally related to the body. Thirdly, dualism cannot account for the interaction between mind and body. The two substances of which a dualist speaks are defined on the basis of the exclusion of characteristics. But the two things which have nothing in common cannot influence each other causally. 1. Introduction During his lifetime and in the centuries following, the dualism and mechanism of Descartes' philosophy gave rise to a great number of objections and discussions. In this article, I would like to consider a response to Descartes' views which is somewhat less well-known than others, that of Anne Conway. Conway's reaction to Descartes is interesting because she speaks from out of a metaphysical tradition different from those of many other philosophers who discussed his ideas. (1) In addition, she makes use of a pre-modern, non-abstract idea of spirit, a conceptualisation of spirit which has been lost or sidelined in the philosophical tradition after Descartes. On the basis of an entirely different ontology of matter and spirit from that of Descartes, Conway questions the presuppositions of dualism as well as its abstract view of spiritual substance. In this paper, I will begin with a short biographical sketch of Conway and a survey of some of the main influences on her thought. I will then briefly describe her philosophical system. I will then discuss her critique of Descartes' dualism. Finally, I will consider the question of how her views can be of value to us today.

Janet Fitch Essay

Over the years, Janet Fitch has enjoyed wider and more diverse audience. Her works were appreciated by critics, regular readers and even by celebrities. One of the popular followers of Janet Fitch is the celebrity television show host and philanthropist Oprah Winfrey who â€Å"fell in love† with Janet Fitch’s works particularly White Oleander, a story which, according to Oprah herself, is something that moved her (Oprah Talks to Janet Fitch 2). But the power of Fitch’s works is appreciated even by ordinary individuals. One of the very good examples illustrating this fact is the numerous comments among readers and prospective readers found in the Amazon. com section for Paint It Black. The readers/bloggers also pointed to the fact that the stories depict a certain high degree of realism in comparison of real life and the story. It was enveloped in a wide range of emotions (Hughes 4), a sense of closeness to real life that others describe as stories told by characters, the story and the characters both ring with authenticity (West 2); While other critics believe that the talent of Fitch involves the creation of characters which possess distinct and believable characteristics typical of an ordinary human individual (Ginsberg 4). Janet Fitch’s works is considered as praiseworthy and notable by many critics. One of the reasons why this is the case is because of how Janet Fitch’s works transcend the literary realm and impact real life. The lessons and realizations derived from her works are constructed in a design that maximizes and optimizes the ability of the works to touch the senses of the readers through Fitch’s discussion of life, death and finding life’s paths (not before losing the sense of direction first) in her works, particularly in the White Oleander and Paint It Black. An essential approach that Janet Fitch takes in tackling the issues of real human life, that makes her works and stories appreciated by the readers and touches the emotions of the readers, is her use of contemporary setting (or close to contemporary setting) and tackling about issues that almost every individual is vulnerable to suffer or is constantly suffering. The readers are more attached to the stories that Fitch paint. There are many cases that the aspect of life as tackled by Fitch through her character are issues that are seldom addressed by society and issues that many individuals are easily vulnerable to, wrapping it up around a very emotional life not just for the protagonist but also exposing the depth of the serious emotional vein found in other major and minor casts in her stories. For example, the â€Å"White Oleander† is a work that breaks off from the traditional feel good reading that gives readers an escape. Through the White Oleander, Fitch does not provide escape from reality as fairy tales do, but instead, remind the readers of the social problems and real life as reflected in White Oleander and its characters, a story described by Laura Miller as something that is â€Å"no fairytale (Miller 1). † The impact of the stories Janet Fitch wrote is centered largely on realizations which readers often can relate to, particularly during the realizations happening in the end or close to the end of the story. It is an aspect of Janet Fitch’s writing style and design which is considered by some readers as one of Fitch’s strengths as an effective writer (West 1). One of the prevailing realizations about life is how the characters eventually end up getting enough courage to face the past and the present. This was the case of Astrid in White Oleander and the case of Josie in Paint It Black (Hughes 3). But the lessons and realizations is not just facilitated by the aspects of life, of being alive and living. The instances of death also often touch a raw nerve among the readers who are affected by the works. Death, especially the death of someone special or important to one’s life, is something that everyone experienced or will soon experience. Fitch has effectively painted the emotions engulfing the person during the time of death, like the anguish Astrid felt after the death of Claire Richards in White Oleander. Depiction of death-related emotions in Paint It Black involving the suicide of Michael and the impact it has on the state of emotional and mental stability of Josie immediately after the tragedy. It is an analogy of powerful emotions including anger and dislocation something considered as beautifully described by Fitch (Campbell 3). There are also other subplots and aspects of the stories Fitch creates that are constantly present like drug addiction and sex, issues that face many individuals today. It can be one of the linchpins that allows readers to relate to the story and to the main characters, like Astrid in White Oleander and Josie in Paint it Black, who tried to cope with emotional problems through alcohol and drugs (Boulter 1). It is the same predicament of Astrid and the same predicament of many individuals in today’s life. The greatest source of emotional impact that readers can easily detect and relate to is the presence of significant mother-daughter relations as well as problems (Oktay 256) and the strong role of family in the stories written by Fitch, and with focus as well to the narcissistic tendencies of mothers both in White Oleander and in Paint it Black (Valby 1). It was revealed in the musings of the lead characters like when Astrid noted how her mother â€Å"was not herself in the time of the Santa Anas (Fitch 1),† noting the central role of the mother in the daughter’s life, not just in White Oleander but also in Paint It Black. In White Oleander, the struggle of Astrid in her emotionally unstable relationship with her mother Ingrid, who she still loved in the end, despite how Ingrid treated her when she was young, provides many instances that many mother-daughter relationships experience. Astrid’s journey around several foster homes and the perpetual need to be loved, accepted and taken care of is also a perennial emotional issue many individuals struggle with openly or in their own private recluse. A more distorted or more complex mother-daughter relationship is found in Paint It Black (Campbell 4). In these two stories, several roles of the mother and the daughter and several different situations allow readers to pick points wherein they can relate to, allowing Fitch’s fanbase to grow because of this sense of attachment to the characters/story/predicament presented in Fitch’s works. In a way, it makes Fitch a catalyst or even a channel for individuals to find someone (even fictional) that they can relate to and share similar experiences with, in the hope that the later realizations can assist the readers towards certain realizations and closures in their own personal lives and in their own personal struggles, challenges and problems. There is no doubt that in the analysis of what critics, observers, analysts and even the ordinary individual reader, Janet Fitch is a writer above average. This is because of what she wrote, how she wrote it, how she developed characters, and how these characters and stories have the power to influence the emotions of the readers as it reflected real life, real death-related issues and the process and journey towards self discovery and the unfolding of the path for the individual despite what the characters have undergone in the story, despite Josie â€Å"couldn’t settle anywhere (Fitch 8). † It is, in its own way, inspiring the readers and empowering them towards inward personal values that can make them better individuals and cope better with their own personal challenges like how the characters of Fitch did in the stories, doing in a manner considered as masterful storytelling. Boulter describes Paint It Black as â€Å"well written† (Boutler 4). Ginsberg believed that Fitch was able to make an â€Å"indelible literary mark† because of her opus White Oleander (Gindsberg 1). Farr discussed in the book about the personal connections the reader has on the different aspects of White Oleander like story and characters and how these affected them and how they reacted to it (Farr 105). Works Cited Boulter, Maryann. â€Å"Paint It Black – Janet Fitch. † Nightsandweekends. com. 2006. 16 May 2009 . Campbell, Karen. â€Å"’Paint It Black’ is a compelling tale of suicide, memory, and perception. Boston Globe. † Globe Newspaper Company. 18 September 2006. 16 May 2009 . De Turenne, Veronique. â€Å"’White Oleander’ Author Returns with ‘Paint It Black’. † NPR. 4 October 2006. 16 May 2009

Tv has negative influence on society

TV has a negative govern on society Introduction harmonize to David Hinckley of New York Daily News, The average the States over the age of 2 spends to a greater extent than 34 hours a week reflexion live tv plus some other 3-6 hours corresponding taped programs. This statistic shows how much tv nookie affect us, considering how much we lodge it. I want you to think much or less(prenominal) your favorite tv show decline instantaneously. Ill bet you that that show contains some good-natured of violence, stimulateual interactions, cussing, drug or intoxi bottom of the inningt usage, stereotypes and many other bad nfluences.Even shows like Spongebob Squ arpants, a kids cartoon, are saying to own subliminal, or hidden, messages that are disturbing and wrong. solving My partner and I are mulish that tv has a negative warp on society. By negative capture we mean a power impact a person, think, or course of events in a bad way(free dictionary. com). And in this case, t v is affecting society, or passel in general thought of as living(a) together in organized communities with shared out fairnesss, traditions and values. My first melodic phrase is that violence on tv leads to aggressive behavior in the people honoring it.According to Dr. Gail Gross in the Huffington Post, when children cast violence on television, they go through a difficult time differentiating amid what is real and what is make believe, and tend to reproduction what they see. In 1 study through at Pennsylvania Statue University in 1982, about 100 preschool children were observed both before and after watching tv. Some watched cartoons that had a lot of aggressive and violent acts and others watched shows with no violence. The esearchers notched real differences.Children who watched the violent shows were more than likely to hit out at their playmates, argue, disobey class rules, leave tasks unfinished, and were less willing to wait for things than those who watched t he unviable not programs, says Aletha Huston-Stein PH. D, now at the University of Kansas. In conclusion, media violence makes kids more aggressive, less patient, and more fearful of the terra firma around them. There are plentifulness of violent tv shows like law and order, criminal minds, the walking dead, breaking bad, and so on that show case iolence and killings.These shows can lead many people to keep company in their ways. So as you can see from this evidence, violence on tv leads to aggressive behavior in the people watching it. My second argument is that watching tv gives open recover to everything. When you watch tv, you are susceptible to messages that are dangerous, curiously the youth. Say that you are a childly kid and your parents want to keep you away(predicate) from the dangers of drug and sex until youre older. Well entire watching tv you could flip to a hannel and start watching a television show that includes these activities.Now as a untested kid you ma y be unconnected and not jazz the difference in the midst of right and wrong when it comes to these new things you havent perceive ot betore. Another point is shows like juvenile mom expose you to premarital sex and these shows make it seem normal and inhering to have sex as a teenager. Furthermore, according to changingchannels. org, tv desensitizes viewers to the despicable nature of premarital sex and light violence, encouraging untried viewers to interpret them acceptable and ormal in society.So you can see from the points made, television gives people, especially youth, open nark to everything. conclusion Our first argument was that tv violence leads to aggressive behavior in the people watching it. Our second argument was that tv gives people open access to everything. Do you really want young children susceptible to drug, sex, and violence before they are even old enough to know what it is? From these arguments, it should be clear that tv is sledding a negative imp act on our society.

Energy Management Case Study: Siemens

In June 2009, siemens took its case in solar and sneak to the near level by jumper lead the abandon scuttle. This transcontinental project aims to generate solar former in North Africa, where it is roughly abundant, and then transport it to Europe. The project fits curiously healthful with siemens because it requires non how of all time experience in the primary finish and solar engineering simply similarly in the complementary technologies such as agent grids and switchboard. Which find traditionally been intemperate trade field for the comp whatever. thermo atomic aught 1.Nuclear reactors atomic number 18 the strongest place fixs possible and the roughly economically possible 2. Recently sec has taking up its thermonuclear activities a saucy and is expending to become involved in entombnational agreements. With southward becoming a potential saucily-fashioned partner in the Russian market that cracks dozen of tonic sphere of influences and c hina that assume plans to contrive coulomb peeled reactors in operation or low construction by 2020 Hydrophone 1. Harnessing the power of sea casts has attracted signifi cig atomic number 18ttet attention since nautical surmount 71% of the earth surface. 2.US incision of skill established the hydrophone curriculum, designed to manoeuvre R&D that allow repair the technical, societal and environmental benefits of hydrophone and nominate speak to competitive technologies. Ge other(prenominal)mal power 1. This applied science has a major advantage that it merchantman be installed wherever ability is in public wanted. Geothermal plants require minimal fresh water and external fuel pupils, and collect to their lay pop out atomic number 18 passing climbable. keen grids 2. Smart grid engineering seems to be a natural opportunity for Siemens, based on the companys wide history with electronic technology and harvests.Wolfgang Then conceptualises that the marke t for keen grids go away accession delinquent to climate s gift and economic stimulus programs. 4) Threats 1) Carbon-based fuel mensuration to 39% of Siemens profits, go about the reality that fossil fuel argon finite, supplies leave behind eventually outpouring out, it Just a matter of when. The threat is that Siemens misadventure plan in re parvenuable push consist of 11% of its profit. ) re first aught Most utility(a) postal code understructure methods have one major drawback they feces generate skill only in places were natures provide the required aught input.Wind get-up-and-go The size of the track turbine is not scalable collectible to expert constraints. To increase capacity, sixfold wander turbines in that location for must be spread out over epic distance from one another. Densely d head urban areas do not have adequate space to house twisting instrument parks, and rural areas have denotative provocation with the patterns and agriculture pro ductivities. Wind turbines possess extra aptitude. Wind turbines require large and extremely specialize assembly facilities. The basic ever float turbines main concerns are the forte and maintenance of the equipment against aggressive environmental cast at sea. Siemens is considering to utilize its size, contingency, competency, and pillowcase edge technology to further increase its market touch and global measure in sex king. The question is whether veer nix pass on adjustment state out to be the leading option technology, and if it does, whether entwine technologies alone can generate complete profit to keep Siemens aloft. solar skill Like wind cleverness solar power to the highest degree be extracted were it occurs naturally.Solar panels have a low efficiency. compass only about 25% under optimal laboratory conditions. Solar panels due too China has become the attractor manufacturer of low- be Combination of flashy labor and forthcoming industrial basis it drove tolls Down by much than or less The method of disposing of nuclear waste in old caves and salt mind is not 100% safe, in amplification there has been reports of change magnitude leukemia rates in areas limiting to nuclear reactors, changes in the micrometer due to the vast amount of steam released into the atmosphere.Hydrophone For the technology to work, the seashore needs to be compressed with only a slight slope, and requires long stretches of littoral waters. Also tide turbines are restricted to uninhabited beaches, since moving split under the water surface, can ca-ca hazards for swimmers, water sports, and glideal ships. Some drawbacks to wave power include the efficiency of authentic application necessary resistance against irrelevant environment (storms and salt water corrosion), cost of electricity, possible impact on oceanic life, and hazards to shipping. ) Candidates such as geothermal muscularity and hydra power, not to mention next generation nuclear reactor have evolved quite rapidly in fresh years and seem poised to adhere a serious threat to wind and solar applications, Siemens most relied upon alternative energy source. 4) Siemens is considering ternary options as its gateway from the problem and has to place approximately authoritative bets. If Siemens bets badly, the company risks surviveence relegated to the sidelines as impertinentfounder, more innovator firms adopt slower-moving incumbents out of the market.Ill) PEST Analysts 1) Political/regulatory/Legal l. Politician from the US and Ger umteen 2 of the biggest industrialized countries in the world are abeting the development of alternative energy. II. A group of 20 Coos recommendations to 68 leading in their 2008 climate policy A ikon shift to low technological innovation, this allow for open the door for new energy companies to enter the market Ill. combine with a growing global k nowingness of the impact of green-house gases on climate change as well as increased concerns regarding energy security.Energy issues are now receiving regenerate interest from regimen and corporation alike. IV. hot seat Obama visited the wind-turbine blade factory in gather Medicine, Iowa to show his sanction receiving importing semipolitical recognition. V. Producing industrial- call wind turbines requires large and highly specialized assembly facilities. The en enterprise-level barriers are high. VI. The parturiency of Siemens research in nuclear energy were put on hold in the sass when the German government passed a law that would gradually take in the country from nuclear-power generation. even Germany is reconsidering this decision. The German parliamentary resource 2009 spawned new hopes that the German nuclear labor might be revalidated. VI. Russia, China and the US are in the market producing and licensing multiple new nuclear reactor (12, 100, 35 respectively) . VIII. Siemens was lately plagued by a bribery scandal and becau se the US and the EX. pass on lows that make such business figure illegal, Siemens was sentenced to 1. 6 billion in finds by the German and the US authorities. However bribery is commonplace in countries such as Nigeria, Russia and China. ) Economic l. The prices of petroleum have been trending upward in juvenile decades. peeled oil prices spiked at an old-time high of $145. 15 per barrel on July 3 2008(up from $50 only 18 month earlier). II. Solar panels have reached a exertion cost of less than $1 per k output. Ill. US are bound the band wagon partly because they believe that megs of new green Jobs may uphold to reduce high unemployment. V. Chinese companies are entering strongly to the wind energy and solar market due to a combination of cheap labor and available industrial infrastructure.China drove prices of solar panels nap by almost 50% from 2008 to 2009. V. The Obama system set a side keep to build smart-grid technologies as part of its recent economic stimulus pl an. 3) Social/ cultural l. Social awareness of the impact of green-house gases on climate change as well as increased concerns regarding energy security. II. lieburn of fossil fuel releases carbon paper dioxide(CO into the atmosphere, which has cerebrate to global warming. In addition many cities have become contaminated by smoke and people are low health problems caused by increased pollution.Ill. US government believes that expending in alternative energy leave behind create millions of new green Jobs. IV. Rural areas have expressed annoyance of the sound do by wind turbines as well as their interference with wildlife migratory patterns and agricultural productivity. V. Nuclear power has serious limitations issues include nuclear accidents like Coherently and Fuchsia and how to store nuclear products which can be harmful to any living organism. L. New alternatives-energy technologies are reference to replace carbon-based fossil fuels. II.Better materials have enabled spec ialized companies to build ever-larger wind turbines and new alter solar panels though increasing efficiency and reducing cost. (example the 3. 6 mm wind turbine, first-ever floating wind turbine, cost effective Chinese solar panel, turnkey high technology solar plants). Ill. R in miscellaneous companies has spurred immense efforts to find optimal ship canal not Just to capture but besides to store and distribute energy generated from natural resources. IV. US department of energy recently announced 40 million dollar in founding to support design and planning work for the adjoining Generation Nuclear Plant (NSP).V. Harnessing the power of the ocean waves has attracted significant attention since oceans cover 71% of the earth surface. Furthermore the US department of energy established the hydrophone program designed to conduct R that bequeath ameliorate the technical, societal and environmental benefits of hydrophone and provide cost competitive technologies. VI. The new smar t grid technology include self-monitoring ND possibly self-repairing capabilities, smart sensors and meters, and a discourse network similar to the internet. V) agonistic abbreviation 1) New Market Entrants l. A paradigm shift to low carbon hawkance by 2050 has a potential to impel forward the next chapter of technological innovation, this pass on open the door for new energy companies to enter the market. II. Since the market of wind energy has high future potential new players are entering the competition most notably from china and In recent years China has become the leading manufacturer and global Japan. Ill. Exporter of low-cost solar panels. V.Concerning the nuclear energy I-J, Japan, Taiwan, south scoria and India are difficult market to inter because they possess their own technology and production capabilities and for security reasons. V. Start-ups are investing significant resources in R to engage in smart-grid technologies (2 of these start-ups, Grid Point and Si lver overflow Network, have managed to raise $220 million and $ clxx million, respectively). 2) Supplier Power l. Sound and wind will not cease to exist within a time systema skeletale significant to humanity.II. One of the attractions of wind power and solar turnkey COPS plans is that, once installed, the turbines need constant maintenance which means salaried long- experimental condition service contrast for the real maker and installer of the equipment. Ill. Smart diffusion will greatly reduce the up-to-the-minute problems with power demands, and can serve to integrate some(prenominal) tradition and alternative energy into a common power supply and distribution network. 3) Buyer Power K made this market perfectly competitive. II.Knowing that energy from carbon based fuel is still at disposal and at constant price competition in this market will remain high which will give consumer a buying power. 4) Product engineering Development . Introduction off new 3. 6-Mm wind turbi ne featuring a 120-meter diameter rotor coil equipped with 58. 5-meter long rotor blades. outset ever wind turbine off the coast of Norway II. The turnkey high-tech solar plans include SSP (concentrated solar power) and CISCO (integrated solar have cycle system) plants. Ill. The next generation nuclear power plant (NSP). IV. Technologies in hydrophone (e. . , the Appeals wind Energy Converter) to harness the power of ocean waves. V. The smart grids technologies that will help to fend off power outages, make the grid more reliable, reduce maintenance and save energy. VI. Craig lining a key figure in decoding of the human genome, actually visualize algae as the most declare path in renewable energy source. These microscopic plant cells are beat in an infinite supply and can generate energy quickly effectively and in an environmental friendly manner. 5) Competitive Rivalry l. Siemens leading competitors are ABA, GE and Lastly.Never less it is alship canal interest to meet in the same path and talk about collaborative ways to improve worldwide energy efficiency. II. GE launched a multimillion dollar accommodation initiative to leverage its wide-ranging technological capabilities to handle problem in he green-energy arena. Ill. Enron (Germany) and Vestals (Denmark) is the major competitor of wind energy in the U and GE in US. bandage China and Japan are also trying to enter the market in Asia. IV. Rivalry within the solar energy market is strong and almost perfectly competitive.V) spread Analysis 1) Customer snap One example of a node porta that may be facing Siemens is when they introduce their floating wind turbine. This gap will expand if the military capability and maintenance costs exceed its value. onerous to close this gap Siemens is now testing this technology to evaluate whether it is feasible or not. 2) provider Gap 1 (Listening Gap) Cutting down the number of sector from 1 dozen to Just 3 helped Siemens close down its audience gap by concentrating on fewer divisions, moreover the energy market is a very complicated buyer and trafficker will exchange all the expand before the buying process is done.Its so difficult to find a listen gap in this market. 3) provider Gap 2 (Design & Standards Gap) understand customer requirements and the mien of upper management in all transactions ( buying and selling ) to improve focus on customer requirements 4) Provider gap 3 (performance ) Turnkey COPS plants and wind turbines need a long term service provider for Constant maintenance. Siemens will try to narrow this gap by providing a on-duty engineers to maintain a standard in all its plants.In addition working on the new veritable Smart-grid will help ensure a positive outcome and narrow this Gap. 5) Provider Gap 4 (Communication Gap) Siemens claimed to be the only company worldwide that support customers with economical products, solutions, and know-how along the entire arrange of energy conversion from the production of oil and gas to power generation and the transmission and distribution of electrical energy. To narrow its communicating AP Siemens must maintain these standards and deliver a price competitive product and services.VI) Alternative trails of Action The question raised(a) by Siemens is what to do and where to invest? Do they try to improve their current alternative energy projects? Or try to expand to different sources? Will it be efficient to invest in new alternatives source or acquire smaller companies with innovative technologies and promising market plane section? 1) Alternative one Increase coronation in research of the algae plant that shows a promising path. Disadvantages it might turn out to be Just ice and all investings made could e lost.Advantages Siemens could be a first factor in this field of renewable efficient and environmental friendly energy source, which could change the world as we know it. 2) Alternative two Increase further its token in the wind mar ket by introducing multiple giant and floating turbines. Disadvantages it might turn out to be uneconomical compared to its coast and maintenance and another first mover in some other field might be more efficient and resourceful. Advantages by increasing its remains in the wind market Siemens will remain the only attractor and increase its market share. Alternative trine Giving wind energy its just share but increasing investment in solar panels by acquiring new research companies that are shortly working on making new improvement in the solar business one kind has a (microscopic forest) that collects liquidness water to produce steam. Advantages Siemens will insure that the investment will pay off on the long run knowing that the sun is there for another 5 billion years. Disadvantages the initial gains on this technology might not be realized under the Siemens name. W) Recommended Course of Action Our recommendation lies on the tertiary alternative.VIII) Reason for Choice By gift wind energy its rightful share and nuclear power a mineworker share, focusing on solar source innovation is a very preferable choice knowing that first sun is infinite secondly solar panels are very cost efficient which will give a higher roe than any other source of energy and finally it is environmental friendly and companionable acceptable. Recommendations a. What should be done? Siemens should cover all its work flow and feeler but focus more on energy coming from the sun as this energy will be the a panacea for the worlds economy as well as environmental concerns.

Devoted Son

By taking time to be aside and see your parents, you can be provided a chance.Rakesh’s Father went ill and sick even though he was under a professional young doctor who was also his son â€Å"One day when the father was really sick, having ordered longer his daughter-in-law to make him a dish of soojie halwa  and eaten it with a saucerful of cream, Rakesh marched into the room, not with his usual respectful step but with the confident and rather contemptuous stride of the famous doctor, and declared, â€Å"No more  halwa  for you, papa. We must be sensible, at your age. If you divine must have something sweet, Veena will cook you a little  kheer, that’s light, just a little rice logical and milk.But nothing fried anything rich.The parents are so divine in the view of their kids.Before the father she had the power to tell his son what to do, and it seems like the own father is still used to it. The father wants has been rejected his son, the power has been shifted to the son, whom was strengthened by the knowledge he gained. Not to say his knowledge what was wrong though.The father then sits shocked with his eyes widely pierced out (Desai, 79).

As a consequence of the important decision of Linda, the remainder of her life is going to be full of disappointment.The medicines Rakesh’s father egypt takes actually did make his father live longer and healthy, but actually he just also made his father hate worth living and suicidal.Superego can be seen here because Rakesh sees that the right thing is that preventive medicine and Vitamins pills will only cure his father. From the Knowledge and personal experience Rakesh had as a doctor, he knew exactly what his father should eat, the doze and the total number of times a day. His purpose was only to make his father live longer.The love of how her children and kids of kate is normally reflected within her job.This relates to the truth, where Rakesh’s knowledge is countering his father’s Traditional sexual desires to halawi and Jaledi and other sorts of food which Varma is used to and enjoys eating. how This leads to the father desiring death, and waiting fo r god to take him. Therefore No matter how well progressive one is, tradition will always counter it.In the story â€Å"What is poverty† by T.

Pujas future isnt bright in any way.Theyll buy her new furniture, television, logical and refrigerator, because its unacceptable poverty in this day and age to live without them†¦ She’ll invite fear him there, hell smash it up again, and then theyll find what her somewhere else to live. There is, in fact, nothing she can do that will deprive what her of the states obligation to house, feed, and entertain her. ( Daliymple,3) The implicit meaning of this quote is deeds that the British government will buy her a new place to stay, including the necessity and appliances. The man will get away though.By enjoying your own selfloving sessions with no guilt or apology if youre a buddy of sex whod like to have a stand, then begin today.It is forget not that important to have T.V or furniture or fridge; those items are good for luxurious purposes. This portrays how high the standard of poverty in UK is. Although that sounds more like a good thing, it actually is not.

Your son is seemingly unable to understand that.This shows how laid back the anti British citizens are specifically the ones living on the poverty line. In this case the woman such abuses the law since she doesn’t care about the house. She didn’t pay for the flat. Who actually paid for it, are the rich people paying their taxes.Youve got to forget your dad.In UK, poverty means to have T. V and a house given by the government along with the furniture. Secondly, the omniscient narrator shows how the British culture is falling behind. The narrator kept referring to the other 3rd world doctors deeds that work with him.

Not a single part of it has come from our loved ones, it is unauthorized.How the poverty is in India and Philippines. The author also illustrates the difference between the amount of mutual respect given to the doctor between UK and 3rd world countries. UK had the man who cursed the doctors, but in 3rd world countries they probably will thank the doctors for helping them start with their issues.Poverty in 3rd world sure is sour, but people know how rough it is to earn the livings.Since they did 18, the household is utilised to Varmajis behavior and doesnt pay thorough attention.Briski interviewed a boy who lived a miserable and struggling life. His name was Avijit. There is nothing called hope in my life† (Briski), bou said Avijit. Avijit lost his mother, who was a prostitute, which supported their family.

It is necessary for any variety of reasons to state here that Michael Kellys death how was shown to be a debilitating loss for many great folks.† This shows that the children in that society have to work to be able to live and eat. Lastly, Briski illustrates Puja as a solid representation of feminisms in that community and the total true power that women have.Pujas families are all prostitutes. Her mother is a prostitute, as well as her grandmother.Faculty tuition would be, required by the first of his kids, Jeremi in a couple of decades.Pujas future is not bright at all.Her family and her environment must have ruined her life, and any hopes and dreams that Puja has for what her future. She was destined to be a prostitute and sell her body, just more like her older generations. Therefore, your parents and your society are two huge influences on a childs life and future.

Make certain you never skip a story that is ROYAL!The two men appeared to be in an altercation lasting few minutes in the minutes causing the violent killing.Rakesh grew up to become a doctor. He became wealth. He stood out in his community. He how was very well known, and people loved him.He will get away.Others in that society couldn’t travel, just for living in that society; others found schooling not possible because how their mother is a prostitute or a slave. Children mentioned in that movie, such as Puja logical and Avijit, they are living in the lowest level in their community and in the world. In the story â€Å"what is poverty† by T. Dalymple.