Why Do You Add Salt to Boiling Water

Why do you add salt to boiling water? There are a couple of answers to this common cooking question.   Salting Water for Cooking Usually, you add salt to water in order to boil the water to cook rice or pasta. Adding salt to water adds flavor to the water, which is absorbed by the food. Salt enhances the ability of chemoreceptors in the tongue to detect molecules that are perceived through the sense of taste. This is really the only valid reason, as youll see. Another reason salt is added to water is because it increases the boiling point of the water, meaning your water will have a higher temperature when you add the pasta, so it will cook better. Thats how it works in theory. In reality, you would need to add 230 grams of table salt to a liter of water just to raise the boiling point by 2 ° C. That is 58 grams per half degree Celsius for each liter or kilogram of water. That is much more salt than anyone would care to have in their food. Were talking saltier than the ocean levels of salt. Although adding salt to water raises its boiling point, its worth noting the salted water actually boils more quickly. That seems counter-intuitive, but you can easily test it yourself. Put two containers on a stove or hot plate to boil -- one with pure water and the other with 20% salt in water. Why does the salted water boil more quickly, even though it has a higher boiling point? Its because adding the salt lowered the heat capacity of the water. The heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of water by 1 °C. Pure water has an incredibly high heat capacity. When heating up salt water, youve got a solution of a solute (salt, which has a very low heat capacity) in water. Essentially, in a 20% salt solution, you lose so much resistance to heating that the salted water boils much more quickly. Some people prefer to add salt to water after it has boiled. Obviously, this doesnt speed the rate of boiling at all because the salt is added after the fact. However, it may help protect metal pots from  corrosion, since the sodium and chloride ions in salt water have less time to react with the metal. Really, the effect is negligible compared with the damage you can do your pots and pans by letting them wait around for hours or days until you wash them, so whether you add your salt at the beginning or the end isnt a big deal.

UPOWER your Way to an Effective Timed Essay

Every student has to write a timed essay at least once in their academic career. Timed essays, essay exams or in-class essays bring all your essay writing skills to play as they require you to put together an effective piece of writing in a limited amount of time. Although the task may seem daunting at first, it becomes easier if you follow a few simple steps outlined below. The Preparation Any piece of academic writing requires practice to master and timed essays are no exception. The key to mastering the art of writing a killer timed essay is to ace the following three main components of timed-essay writing: Outlining: All good essays come from good outlines. An outline helps you organize your thoughts in a systematic order. It provides you with an effective roadmap for your essay and helps you keep on track and focused. Prior to a test, practice giving outlines to three or four essay type questions that you think might appear on the test. Study Subjects: If you have a grasp on the subject matter at hand, you will be more likely to write an effective timed-essay. So, study for the essay as you would for any other exam. Take notes, read the material provided and attend lectures to sharpen your knowledge on the subject. Time Management: Most essay exams are a combination of short and long essay questions. Therefore, time management in these exams is all about distributing your time to each question based on the type of writer you consider yourself to be; single-draft writers work well under pressure, they should attempt short essay questions first and then move on to longer ones. Multi-draft writers work better in an environment with no time limits and revise each paragraph after writing it, they should attempt longer questions first and then move on to the shorter ones. The Power of UPOWER The UPOWER acronym stands for the different steps to write an effective timed essay. Understand the prompt: Underline key words and phrases of the prompt. You can rewrite the prompt to make more sense of the basic premise of the question. If a single prompt has multiple parts, try to ponder on them individually and then decide whether it would be more effective to tackle them separately or with one holistic answer. Pick a side: Most prompts necessitate the development of a main thesis or claim. Analyze the prompt to see if it provides you with a claim to defend or refute, if not, then establish one. If the answer doesn’t come to you right away, jot down a list of possible claims and choose the one you are most comfortable with. Outline: Make lists, idea maps or choose another way to make an outline for your essay. The outline should include your main thesis point and multiple supporting references. Write a thesis/introduction: Your introduction should basically include the main thesis point that you want to argue. However, if you have time, you may include a brief overview of the supporting evidence you will be presenting and a creative ‘hook’ to keep readers interested. E>vidence and Ending: Support your thesis statement with strong and relevant supporting evidence. Use a clear topic sentence or sub claim in each paragraph so as to remain on track. Use your time efficiently by only including viable sub claims. After completing the main body of the essay, add a conclusion. Remember, you may give a short conclusion but never leave your essay without one. Revise: After completing your essay, give it a test read. Check if your essay is fluid and consistent and if the body of your essay stays true to the thesis statement. Tweak away any misspellings or grammatical mistakes and that’s about it! Remember to always keep an eye on the clock. Aim to finish your exam well before time, but if you are short on time, jot down your remaining main ideas as graders may follow your line of thinking and like it enough to reward it.

Stream of Consciousness Novel - 1102 Words

The Development of the ‘Stream-of-Consciousness’ Technique in Modernist English Fiction (with Special Reference to the Contributions of James Joyce and Virginia Woolf) Arpan Adhikary The term ‘stream of consciousness’ as applied in literary criticism to designate a particular mode of prose narrative was first coined by philosopher William James in his book Principles of Psychology (1890) to describe the uninterrupted flow of perceptions, memories and thoughts in active human psyche. As a literary term, however, it denotes a certain narrative technique used in novels in which the narrator records in minute but somewhat abstract way whatever passes through his or her conscious mind. The socalled ‘stream of consciousness’ in a work of†¦show more content†¦The style is highly allusive and Joyce deliberately confuses the narrative by making a pastiche of the styles of several genres together while presenting the flows of the continuous thoughts of the principal characters. Here for the first time Joyce also employed the ‘interior monologue’ which is deemed to be the purest form of the ‘stream-of-consciousnessâ€⠄¢ mode. In Joyce’s third and last novel Finnegans Wake (1939) the complexity of the ‘stream-of-consciousness’ technique reaches its heights necessitating the text’s being one of the least read ones in any language. In this novel Joyce used around forty languages other than English and presented an awkwardly extensive range of literary, mythical, political and historical allusions while narrating the one-night dream sequence of the protagonist, a Dublin tavern-keeper named Humphrey Chimpden Earwicker. Apart from Joyce, Virginia Woolf also made remarkable contribution to the development of the ‘stream-of-consciousness’ mode in the modernist English fiction. In Mrs. Dalloway (1925) Woolf presents the diverse mental recourses of Clarissa Dalloway within the span of one single day, and in the interior monologue of Mrs. Dalloway the narrative breaks with the realistic mode in order to suit the inner reality of the narrator’s psyche which is different from the external reality by which she is surrounded. Similar intellectual cogency and finer technicalShow MoreRelatedStream of Consciousness in Virginia Woolfs Mrs. Dalloway1354 Words   |  5 PagesStream of Consciousness in Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway. â€Å"These novels may very well be within a category we can label stream of consciousness, so long as we know what we are talking about. The evidence reveals that we never do – or never have done so.† (5). (Humphrey, 1954). This quote from Robert Humphrey, author of Stream of Consciousness in the Modern Novel, is about the use of the writing technique, stream of consciousness, in novels such as James Joyce’s Ulysses and Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway;Read MoreThe Success Of Stream Of Consciousness1178 Words   |  5 Pages2015 The Success of Stream of Consciousness The stream of consciousness form of writing used in The Sound and The Fury helps the reader better understand the many dramatic events that take place in the novel with the Compson Family. The way Faulkner uses stream of consciousness throughout the novel is a unique way of getting his story across in a way that the reader is seeing the narrators point of view as opposed to just being told a story. Stream of consciousness is when the authorRead MoreMrs. Dalloway, by Virginia Woolf1696 Words   |  7 PagesIn the novel Mrs. Dalloway, by Virginia Woolf, the author uses narrative techniques of stream of consciousness and interior monologue in order to depict the workings of an â€Å"ordinary† or normal mind in narrative form. She also rejects the conventional structure of ‘chapters’ in order to give an â€Å"ordinary† portrayal of the mind. This essay will firstly contextualise the extract for analysis, namely the opening scene in the novel. This will be followed by defining the narrative techniques that is depictedRead MoreThe Other Wes Moore Critical Analysis767 Words   |  4 Pagesworld is teeming with second chances and forgiveness, which is a recurring theme in the novel, The Other Wes Moore and the classic, The Scarlet Letter. The theme of second chances is supported throughout these narratives using the literary elements of imagery and str eam of consciousness. The subject matter of second chances is detected in the novel The Other Wes Moore through the use of stream of consciousness and imagery. After he had hit many low points in his life, the other Wes decided to changeRead MoreAnalysis Of About A Boy By Nick Hornby1243 Words   |  5 Pageshas used a range of aesthetic devices that shape character representation. An Aesthetic device is an element that authors intentionally use to create intellectual/emotional responses in their novel. This analytical essay will explore how Nick Hornby has used irony, point of view and stream of consciousness to shape character representation. Irony is a technique that is used (through a character or plot development) to convey an intention or attitude opposite to what is literally stated. In essenceRead MoreI Lay Dying By William Faulkner1017 Words   |  5 Pagesof Faulkner’s best novels to show off his unique writing style. His technique of using multiple perspectives in the novel contributes to the reader’s understanding of the ideas contained in the text. Faulkner uses a distinct type of narrative style called stream-of-consciousness to go about his story. The technique of stream-of-consciousness allows for the narration to be introduced as if the thoughts are being read as the characters are thinking them. Unlike conventional novels that write from aRead MoreA Portrait Of The Artist As A Young Man1594 Words   |  7 PagesJamie Anderson EL111 The purpose of this essay is to discuss how James Joyce’s seminal novel A Portrait of the Artist as a young man, is experimental with regards to plot, point of view, language, symbolism, style and character development, and will begin with a brief introduction. Many artists, be they of the pen, brush or instrument, seek through innovation an artistic immortality that has the potential to act as a blueprint from which imitation is spawned. Joyce’s Portrait is at its coreRead MoreWilliam Woolf s The Lighthouse1480 Words   |  6 Pagessuch as writing as a stream-of-consciousness in order to present the experience, subconscious minds, and the conscious thoughts of characters. The sense of a clear authorial narrator is missing as Woolf describes the minds of her characters in poetic images and her free-flowing style allows Woolf to flit between different characters’ minds and examine experience through various shifting perspectives. The use of this form allows her to focus on particular moments within the novel, and the plot is createdRead MoreUse Of Stream Of Consciousness Techniques By William Faulkner1455 Words   |  6 Pageswriting, is recognized by its use of stream of consciousness techniques, a term coined by psychologist William James in 1890 (Pomerleau). This form of writing attempts to break free of previous literary conventions in an effort to portray thoughts and feelings as they are occurring. This allows the reader to catch a glimpse of a character’s true perspective of the story, unfiltered by the point of view of an omniscient narrator. Faulkner used stream of consciousness in most of his works, but in LightRead MoreAnalysis Of James Joyce s The Artist As A Young Man1285 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION APortrait of the artist as a young man was the first novel of James Joyce. The novel talks about the religious and spiritual awakening of the protagonist. The narrative technique of the novel keeps the reader close to Stephen’s psyche. Even though the novel is not written in first person style, the author constantly takes us into his mind and keeps us aware of the mental changes taking place in Stephen. Stephen’s rise of consciousness can be linked with his intellectual growth which is reflected

herody The Imperfect Hero of Homers Odyssey Essay

The Imperfect Hero of The Odyssey In literature, a bold character or hero is often the principle character. In the epic poem The Odyssey there are many immortals, but only one hero, Odysseus. The differences between the immortals and the hero are few. The god-like Odysseus is plagued with the human weaknesses of pettiness, self-doubt, and dependence on the pity of others. Odysseus reveals his pettiness when he amuses himself with humorous guile. Odysseus not only uses his cunning at the expense of his enemies, but he also uses his cunning and guile as a way of entertaining himself. After Odysseus tells the Cyclops his name is Noman, Odysseus stabs Polyphemus in the eye and Polyphemus cries for help saying, Friends, Noman†¦show more content†¦Because Odysseus doesn’t want any guilt, he puts the blame on others and not himself. One example of this is after Odysseus kills all of the suitors. He explains to Eurycleia that the gods’ doom and [the suitor’s] reckless deeds destroyed them†¦So through their own perversity they met a dismal doom (220), so he should not be blamed. Odysseus’ avoidance of the responsibility is brought on by his arrogance. He thinks of himself to be above death. One of Homer’s epic similes illustrates Odysseus’ arrogance when he found them all laid low in blood and dust, and i n such numbers as the fish which fishermen draw to the shelving shore out of the foaming sea in meshy nets; these all, sick for the salt wave, lie heaped upon the sands, while the resplendent sun takes life away: so lay the suitors, heaped on one another (219). Odysseus thinks of the suitors as no more than fish. Taking responsibility comes form respect of others, so Odysseus can’t accept responsibility for something he doesn’t have respect for. When Odysseus is not being petty, he is troubled with doubt of his physical challenges. When guided by the immortal gods, Odysseus is quite confident, but when he is faced with a challenge by himself, or what appears to be by himself, he is filled with self-doubt. After Circe tells Odysseus of his next journey to Hades, Odysseus’ forehead rankles and he says, But, Circe, who will be my pilot on this

Loose Control Free Essays

Lily walked into the crowded cafà © and was greeted by the warm smell of freshly baked bread. Mrs Austell always made the most delicious bread, not that she had eaten much of it lately. The mouth watering smell of Mrs Austell’s home made loaf brought back bitter-sweet memories for Lily. We will write a custom essay sample on Loose Control or any similar topic only for you Order Now Memories of when her life was happy. In control. Lily walked over to the cashier and began to place her order. â€Å"Can I have a bottle of mineral water and†¦Ã¢â‚¬  she stared longingly at the array of chocolate bars on display. If she was really good for the rest of the day†¦ She shook the thought from her mind. Four hundred calories per bar, even if she was good for the rest of the day, it would still take ages to burn off. â€Å"†¦um, yeah that’s all thanks,† she finally said as she handed the cashier the money and went over to sit at the circular wooden table by the window. She had just started reading her favourite book when someone sat down next to her. She looked up to see a girl with greasy, peroxide blonde hair pulled back into a tight ponytail. Her ears glittering with fake gold hoops and playboy studs. â€Å"Awright orphan girl?† she asked, tauntingly. â€Å"Leave me alone Olivia,† answered Lily quietly. She tried to concentrate on her book. It was one of her favourites, and although she knew it back-to-front, it was still completely engrossing. It had been a present from her aunt that Christmas when†¦ She tried to hold back her tears, but it was too late, a lump had formed in her throat. She didn’t want to cry in front of Olivia, she was bad enough already. Just as Lily began to feel the first mournful tears form, a voice called her above the chatter of the cafà ©. Lily looked up to see Darcey striding through the cafe, her long fiery hair swishing behind her making her look as if she’d just stepped off the catwalk. â€Å"Oh.My.Gosh!† said Darcey as she sat down. â€Å"What?† asked Lily cheerfully, feigning a smile. â€Å"I got the contract!† â€Å"Huh?† â€Å"I’ve signed with a model agency, Models one to be exact!† squealed Darcey. â€Å"Damn How to cite Loose Control, Papers

Evaluation of Business Plan Reuben Hills

Question: Discuss about theEvaluation of Business Planfor Reuben Hills. Answer: Introduction Reuben Hills has been determined to become one of the leading coffee shops situated in the heart of Sydney. A coffee shop is a place where people from different age groups come to distress themselves either to read a book or meet a close friend. The main target audience of Reuben Hills would be the young couples, students from the nearby universities to have a cup of coffee which is prepared from the best of the coffee beans. The coffee bar also compliments its target audience with brownies along with free books which their customers can read and enjoy the visit to the coffee bar (Ford, Bornstein, Pruitt Siegel, 2007). The main objective of Reuben Hills is to become one of the best - selling coffee shops in the area. Secondly, to maintain its gross profit by more than 60% and churn profits from the first month operation. The mission of Reuben Hills is to create a unique place where customers can come have a good time with their friends. The management head at Reuben Hills is to distress its customers in regards to friendly customer interaction, great ambience, providing best quality products convenient location (Young, 2007). It shall be seen that, Reuben Hills will invest its profits in order to increase the satisfaction amongst the employees have stable return for their shareholder. Market Analysis: Industry analysis: Coffee consumption has shown a rise of approximately 2.5% as compared to last decade. It has been witnessed that, retail of coffee is flourishing in Sydney. The local climate at Sydney helps the customers to have non - alcoholic beverages. Drinking coffee has become a status symbol part of the lifestyle in Sydney (Smith, 2016). Market Segmentation: Reuben Hills has focused mainly on the marketing activities in order to reach out to one of the largest audiences i.e. college students followed by the faculty members, people working in offices teenagers (Stutely, 2002). The following chart depicts the market segmentation of Reuben Hills: (Source: Ingram, 2016) Target Market Segmentation: The main target markets for Reuben Hills are those who want to sip a cup of coffee in a relaxed atmosphere. The segregation amongst customers can be made on the basis of age, occupation, location their taste and preferences (Quora.com, 2016). Coffee bar has been referred to as one of the favourite places for college students as they can meet their friends, read a book or study in some a beautiful atmosphere surrounded by the smell of the coffee beans. Market Needs: It has been evaluated that, the current market trends towards the consumers in Sydney also plays an important role in the growth of the coffee industry. Some of the factors which lead to an increase in the opportunity of coffee bars are small indulgencies for something exotic unique (McKeever, 2012). Competition Buying Patterns: The major competitors for Reuben Hills which have been witnessed in Sydney are Starbucks, Reuben Hills, Single origin roasters, Coffee Alchemy, Sample Coffee, Brewtown newton, Gumption and John Smith caf. Reuben Hills has made its place in the heart of the customers by the best - selling coffee beverage, cozy home like atmosphere to sit and relax (Lau, 2005). It has attained competitive edge by serving the body and mind of the customers. This will have helped Reuben Hills to grow its market share. One of the main reasons why a customer comes back to a specific coffee shop is because of its tasty coffee, home like atmosphere and prompt customer service. Selling premium and rich coffee has helped Reuben Hills to build a strong clientele base for near future (Morris, Heyer LaFlamme, n.d.). Marketing: Products: Reuben Hills offer its customers with the bestselling coffee beverage in its area. It shall be seen that, high quality coffee beans and products are utilised by the same. The store layout, menu cards other activities are focused to maximise the sales of the beverage along with coffee other refreshments such as brewed coffee, tea, brownies, sandwiches salads (Ingram, 2016). The customers would be given a complimentary free book or a magazine to read it inside the coffee bar. Product description: The main product offered by any coffee shop is espresso based coffee such as Latte, cappuccinos mochas. The product will be prepared with either wholesome, soy skimmed milk (Ghandour, 2014). The coffee beverages are prepared in the espresso machines by forcing hot water at a high pressure. These shots are then mixed with milk to make it the best - selling espresso. Sales techniques: Approximately 2,500 flyers have been distributed in the neighbourhood areas such as shopping malls, office buildings, etc. before the grand opening of Reuben Hills (Fullen, 2005). Strategies and Tactics The main focus of any business model is to earn levels of profits, get new customers, retain the existing ones get more customers who spend more and come back quite often. At Reuben Hills, the competitive edge has been attained by the following ways i.e. comfortable sofas and seating arrangements, dim lighting and relaxing music will help the customers to distress themselves from day to day arrangements (Ford, Bornstein, Pruitt Siegel, 2007). Another tactic which is used by Reuben Hills is to speed up the customer service Sales Forecast Sale forecast for Reuben Hills is depicted as follows: Sales forecast Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Sales Beverage 300,400 370,440 431,984 Coffee beans 90,600 97,260 100,000 Others (brownies, sandwiches, etc.) 193,000 174,700 174,656 Total Sales 584,000 642,400 706,640 Direct Cost of Sales (DCOS) Beverage 90,600 97,260 100,000 Coffee beans 44,000 48,200 51,900 Others (brownies, sandwiches, pastries, etc) 69,800 79,380 95,424 Direct cost of sales subtotal 204,400 224,840 247,324 Financial Plan Some of the start-up expenses to be borne by Reuben Hills have been listed as under: To attain license permits along with various accounting services will amount to AUD 1,300 Promotional expenses for the opening of the Reuben Hills would amount to AUD 3,500 along with printing of the flyers @ AUD 0.04 (Abrams, 2003) Fees for the consultant who would help to set the Reuben Hills would be AUD 3,000. Other petty expenses such as stationery items utility deposits Some of the start-up assets which have been attained by Reuben Hills as follows: Operating capital worth AUD 67,123 (inclusive of employee own salaries) Inventory costs such as AUD 16,000 (which includes 12 different types of coffee beans; retail supplies such as cleaning material, paper napkins, trays, serving plates, spoons, glasses coffee mugs) Total amount reserved for equipment to be used at Reuben Hills such as espresso machine, coffee maker, grinder, other service equipments such as microwave, refrigerator, dish washer, toaster and other miscellaneous expenses (Abrams, 2003). There are two main ways from which Reuben Hills will procure its funds i.e. loans from bank investments from its owners. It shall be seen that, the plan to operate coffee bar in Sydney has been completed within the desired budget. This marks the success of the business plan. It shall also be evaluated that, the coffee bar had started to churn profits from the first month of its operations. There are certain assumptions which have been made by Reuben Hills which have been depicted as under: General Assumptions 1st year 2nd year 3rd year Current interest rate 9.8% 9.8% 9.8% Long term interest rate 10% 10% 10% Tax rate 25% 25% 25% Cash Flow: Based upon the evaluation of Cash Flow for Reuben Hills the following cash position for the same has been witnessed. (Source: Abrams, 2003) As we look at the cash flow chart, it is seen that the company has maintained healthy cash flow which will help them to pay off its debt and use the funds in the best possible manner. Cash Flow (AUD) 1st year 2nd year 3rd year Cash sales 584,000 642,000 706,640 Cash from operations 584,000 642,000 706,640 Sales Tax 0 0 0 Borrowings 0 0 0 Cash received 584,000 642,000 706,640 Expenditure Cash Spent 130,000 153,800 170,144 Bill payments 322,465 378,715 405,945 Spending on operations 452,465 532,515 576,089 Current borrowings 3000 3000 3000 Long term liabilities 0 4885 4761 Purchase long term assets 0 1000 1500 Cash spent 455,465 541,400 585,350 Net cash flow 128,235 101,000 121,290 Critical Risks There are various types of risks when starting a coffee shop some of them have been discussed as under: Choice of an unsustainable location: Location plays an important role in success of any business model. The location of the coffee bar shall be in close proximity of its target audience. The coffee bar shall be easily located by the target group in all weather conditions. Renting a property on busy streets might look attractive but the rent for the same will be a major constraint. Therefore, it is not always a good idea to have a business location on such streets (Barrow, Barrow Brown, 2008). Inefficient espresso workstation: A proper space shall be utilised by the baristas to carry out their high demand work in the best possible manner. It is an important task to ensure less movement in that particular area (Morris, Heyer LaFlamme, n.d.). Breakdown and spoilt food: Coffee bars are known for its cooking and use of various equipments. The owners of the coffee bars shall be prepared for unexpected fail of the equipment (Daniels, 2002). For example, fire insurance is one of the main insurance which shall be catered to in any restaurant or coffee business. Failing refrigerators can also lead the perishable items to go waste. Food poisoning: Legal action can be taken in case a customer suffers from food poisoning from the meal provided by your business. Such types of costs are referred to as hard hitting for the caf. Therefore, product liability insurance comes into place for such type of business model (Barrow, Barrow Brown, 2008). While operating such businesses one should take care of proper hygiene and food handling practices. Fire damage: It shall be kept in mind that, in case of restaurant/ caf business fire can occur from any of the electrical equipments which are used in the business. Fire insurance shall be done by the business owner to cover any type of fire damage during various events such as rain, hail storms, etc (Abrams, 2003). Injuries to customer: Injuries to customer in form of illness or damage to customer by spilling or falling due to wet floor are some common instances which occur while operating caf businesses. In such cases, public liability has been referred to as a crucial factor in caf businesses. Some of the costs which are covered under the same are medical expenses, legal fees and other compensation for damaged property (Cooper, McNeill, Floody Cooper, 2005). Recommendations Conclusion Some of the recommendations to Reuben Hills have been listed as follows. They are as under: Loyalty programs: Loyalty programs are a must for coffee shops. Loyalty program in coffee shops can be as simple as a free cup of coffee for a coffee lover. This will help to enhance the customer experience and he/she will cherish this moment always. Offering a free Wi-Fi connection refers to another example of loyalty program at the coffee shop. Promotional advertising: Use of various advertising promotional activities together will help to enhance the shopping experience in a coffee shop. Free coupons in the local newspaper magazines shall be used in order to make the presence felt by the target group. In house advertising: In house advertising refers to clear visible store signage, people walking on the road, etc. Selection of the name of the coffee shop also plays an important role in enhancing the coffee experience. References Abrams, R. (2003).The successful business plan. 1st ed. Palto Alto, Calif.: Planning Shop. Barrow, C., Barrow, P. and Brown, R. (2008).The business plan workbook. 1st ed. London: Kogan Page. Cooper, B., McNeill, G., Floody, B. and Cooper, B. (2005).Start and run a restaurant business. 1st ed. Bellingham, Wash.: Self-Counsel Press. Daniels, P. (2002).Restaurant business start-up guide. 1st ed. Chino Hills, Calif.: Venture Marketing. Ford, B., Bornstein, J., Pruitt, P. and Siegel, E. (2007).The Ernst Young business plan guide. 1st ed. Hoboken, N.J.: J. Wiley Sons. Fullen, S. (2005).Opening a restaurant or other food business starter kit. 1st ed. Ocala, Fla.: Atlantic Pub. Group. Ghandour, A. (2014). Identifying Dimensions of Business Continuity Plan from Common Expressions among Business Continuity Professionals.International Journal of Business Administration, 5(3). Global Action Plan: EcoTeams. (2012).Social Business, 2(1), pp.49-59. Ingram, D. (2016).Coffee Shop Marketing Strategies. [online] Smallbusiness.chron.com. Available at: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/coffee-shop-marketing-strategies-10413.html [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Lau, L. (2005).Managing business with SAP. 1st ed. Hershey, PA: Idea Group Pub. McKeever, M. (2012).How to write a business plan. 1st ed. Berkeley, CA: Nolo. Morris, D., Heyer, C. and LaFlamme, L. (n.d.).The successful coffee house. 1st ed. Pinson, L. (2008).Anatomy of a business plan. 1st ed. Tustin, CA: Out of Your Mind and Into the Marketplace. Quora.com. (2016).When starting a coffee shop, what are the major risks to look out for? - Quora. [online] Available at: https://www.quora.com/When-starting-a-coffee-shop-what-are-the-major-risks-to-look-out-for [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Restaurant marketing. (2007). 1st ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Smith, L. (2016).The top five risks for cafes and restaurants. [online] Hospitality. Available at: https://www.hospitalitymagazine.com.au/Management/The-top-five-risks-for-cafes-and-restaurants [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Stutely, R. (2002).The definitive business plan. 1st ed. London: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Young, P. (2007).Business plan. 1st ed. Chandni Chowk, Delhi: Global Media.

The Fall of Rome free essay sample

Internally, Rome dealt with many political, economical, and social issues that tremendously aided the decline. Likewise, as Rome was going through these many internal issues, they were dealt with an external force known as, invaders who were determined to overrun Rome and it’s empire. Since Rome slowly began dealing with the many negative issues that were occurring internally and externally, they eventually were unable to mend the issues that they were faced with and slowly came to their fall. As their empire began to decline, Rome had to deal with many internal issues that dealt with political, economical, and social drawbacks. As the decline was beginning, Rome dealt with many political corruptions that affected their government and the supporters of the government. Surprisingly, one of Rome’s biggest political corruptions involved the difficulty of choosing a new emperor and the troubles they would have uniting with each other versus the chosen action of plotting against each other for control. We will write a custom essay sample on The Fall of Rome or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since there was no predetermined course of action for choosing the next emperor, it was simply open for debate between the old emperor, the Praetorian Guard, the army, and the Senate. As each of these individuals had different wants for their emperor, during a hundred year span Rome went through thirty-seven different emperors, twenty-five of whom were unfortunately removed due to assassination. Because of the rapid changing of Roman control, this created weakness amongst the Roman Empire and contributed to the decline and fall of the empire. As the emperors proved difficulty in maintaining the powerful reign of the Roman Empire, citizens were able to see the struggles and eventually began to grow interest for their life style and luxuries and consequently, lost government interest and loyalty. With a continual rotation of new emperors, a diminishing citizen support, and an empire that was beginning to be too large to control, Rome was finding itself continuing to decline in more ways than one. As Rome’s political issues continued to affect their success as a powerful reign, they continued to deal with economical issues that had many negative affects on the citizens. Just as an empire cannot run smoothly without proper ruling, an empire also has difficulty maintaining its power when its citizens are going through economical difficulties. For example, the citizens were constantly dealing with unemployment, taxation, and a decrease in trade. As money has forever been a necessity for upholding successful lifestyles, luxuries, and empires, the Roman Empire and its citizens suffered drastically through these difficulties. Since slavery became well known amongst the wealthy men, more and more wealthy men were wanting to have slaves do their farming instead of the farmers who would cost them money and cause them a loss in profit. In response to the slavery epidemic, the citizens had to deal with the loss of employment, which led to gradual unemployment. Additionally, because there were inflation issues that were arising due to the lack of gold coins and an increase in taxation in order to support the military and public infrastructures, the empire continued to decline because the citizens were continuing to deal with economic hardships. Lastly, in addition to the political and economical issues that contributed to the decline of Rome, the empire also had to deal with social aspects that created difficulties within the empire. As the empire continued to decline, the gradual social changes that contributed to the decline included the spread of Christianity, loss of citizen’s confidence and support, and the multiple cultures that existed. Christianity was slowly introduced to the empire and although it was not widely discouraged in the beginning, it took away power from the emperor and conflicted with the working of the empire. Additionally, the empire dealt with a loss of citizen’s confidence and their support because they did not have faith in the government anymore and did not feel taken care of by the government. During the decline of the empire, the rich controlled about ninety percent of the wealth and as the middle class was shrinking, the poor class reduced to merely surviving on public welfare. With a declining empire that was dealing with many different issues and the addition of multiple cultures and religions to choose from, the empire continued to fall apart because they were slowly diminishing their unity and power. As if these internal issues were not significant enough to bring hardships to the Roman Empire, at this same time, the empire was dealt with invaders, the Barbarians who were determined to overrun the empire. Since the Roman army was responsible for protecting the borders and keeping the Barbarians and other enemies away, the Roman Empire had much difficulty when the army was recalled from the border and sent out to Italy to fight the civil war. With the removal of the army and the opening of the borders, the Roman border was open to attack and guaranteed to be invaded. As the Barbarians began to attack and overtake the Roman lands, their Germanic general Odacer overthrew the last of the Roman Empire in 476 AD and began to overtake the western part of the empire. As everything that once remained of the Roman Empire slowly started to disappear, 476 AD finally marked the final fall of the Roman Empire. After over a five hundred year stretch and the many successes of the Roman Empire, the reign eventually had to come to an end and come to be the fall of Rome. Though it is known as the â€Å"fall† of Rome, it may or may not be accurate to describe it as such. Because the Roman Empire was such a powerful empire that once conquered and obtained so much, it is easy to refer to the Roman Empire’s decline as the fall of Rome. Since the Roman Empire went from such a powerful empire to an empire that eventually got completely taken over by the Germanic barbarians, it is obvious to see how the Roman Empire experienced a drastic, and negative fall. Oppositely though, it could be inaccurate to describe it as the â€Å"fall† of Rome because the Roman Empire’s infrastructure and remnants did not fall. So although the Roman Empire did not physically endure a drastic â€Å"fall† of their remnants and infrastructures, they did endure a gradual decline in their empire, both internally and externally, that finally led to the end or â€Å"fall† of Rome.